农业发展中技术和制度因素的作用机制研究——以上海市为例  

Mechanism of Technical and Institutional Factors in Agricultural Development:Taking Shanghai as an Example

作　　者：张晨[1,2] 顾晓君[2] 俞美莲[2] 高健[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学经济管理学院,上海201306 [2]上海市农业科学院,上海201403

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2016年第6期40-44,共5页Science and Technology Management Research

摘　　要：利用新古典增长理论,证明在劳动、技术、制度均为外生变量的条件下上海农业发展主要依靠技术和制度的作用,这两个因素具有独立性。通过偏离-份额分析,将技术和制度对促进上海农业劳动生产率的作用程度进行分解,结果表明,1978—2013年间,技术因素的作用强于制度因素的作用,并且只有当制度和技术的作用强度相互匹配时农业才能实现快速发展。进而,按照五年规划分时段测算,发现制度创新是技术创新的先决条件,技术进步有赖于制度条件的改变。上海要加快实现农业现代化,应加强科技创新和制度创新,并要培育新型职业农民。By applying the neoclassical growth theory, it is demonstrated that agricultural development in Shanghai depends mainly on technology and institution, and the two factors are independent under the conditions that labor, technology and institution are all exogenous variables. The extent of the role of teehnology and institution faeilitating the growth of agricul- tural labor productivity in Shanghai is decomposed by using shift - share model. The results show that, during 1978 - 2013, the role of technology is stronger than that of institution. And, only the intensity of role of institution is compatible to that of technology, can the rapid development of agriculture be achieved. Furthermore, from the eah：ulation of each ＂Five - Year Plan＂ respectively, it is found that institutional innovation is a prerequisite for technological innovation and techno- logical progress depends on change of institutional conditions, h is proposed that skill training of farmers shall be strength- ened ; technology innovation and institutional innovation shall be promoted further, in order to accelerate ＇;he pace of agri- cultural modernization in Shanghai.

关 键 词：技术 制度 农业 新古典经济增长理论 偏离-份额分析 上海 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济]