基于蓄满率的三峡水库蓄水时期研究  

Study on impoundment period of the Three Gorges Reservoir based on full storage rate

作　　者：耿旭[1] 毛继新[1] 晋碧瑄 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048 [2]北京理工大学,北京100081

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2016年第1期31-36,共6页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAB04B01;2013BAB12B01;2012BAB04B02)

摘　　要：三峡水库是以防洪、发电、航运为主的大型水利枢纽,水库能否蓄满,直接关系到工程综合效益的发挥。以水库蓄满为目标,通过还原水库蓄水后2003-2013年坝址处的自然径流量,考虑上游水库群联合调度的影响,分析探讨了16种不同蓄水时间与起蓄水位组合情形下三峡水库的的蓄满率。结果表明,按原设计方案(从10月1日开始蓄水,起蓄水位145m)蓄水时,蓄满率仅为81.2%;蓄满率大小与起蓄时间提前程度以及起蓄水位高度基本呈正相关,当起蓄时间提前至9月10日,起蓄水位不变,或起蓄水位升至160m,蓄水时间不变时,水库蓄满率显著增大,分别达到93.8%和98.4%;考虑水库的防洪安全和综合效益发挥,推荐在起蓄水位为150m的前提下,在一般年份,蓄水时间可提前至9月10日,在预报入库来水偏多的年份,蓄水时间可推迟至9月20日的蓄水方式较恰当。Three Gorges Reservoir（ TGR） is a large-scale water conservancy project for flood control,electric power generation and navigation,full storage or not directly related to the comprehensive benefit. Full restorage of water in the TGR is the target of this paper,by restoring the natural runoff from 2003 to 2013 after the completion of the reservoir dam. Considering the impact of joint operation of the upstream reservoirs,the full restorage rate of the Three Gorges Reservoir in 64 years between 1950 and 2013,is analyzed under 16 different combinations of the storage time and water level. Results show that the rate of full storage is only 81. 2%,when the water storage period starts from October 1st,with the starting water level of 145 m. Storage rate is basic positively correlated to the impoundment time and the water level,when the storage time is from September 10 with water level constant,or the water level rises to 160 m with the unchanged storage time,the storage rate is 93. 8% and 98. 4%; Considering flood safety and comprehensive benefits,a better storage mode is recommended,with the storage time on September 10 in the normal years,and September 20 in the years with runoff more than normal,and with the water level at 150 m.

关 键 词：三峡水库 还原计算 蓄满率 蓄水时期 

分 类 号：TV697.11[水利工程—水利水电工程]