中国西北戈壁地区12条河流水文水质调查  

Survey on Hydrology and Water Quality in the Gobi Desert Region of Northwestern China

作　　者：李少华[1] 尹书乐[1] 王学全[1] 崔向慧[1] 高琪[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京100093 [2]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2016年第2期148-151,156,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201404304-03);国家"十二五"科技支撑课题(2012BAD16B0105)

摘　　要：2014年9月对我国塔里木盆地南缘与柴达木盆地戈壁地区的12条典型河流进行实地调查,通过野外采集水样、测定流速、室内查阅资料和化验分析,获得了研究区河流的最新水文水质资料。结果表明：（1）戈壁地区修建的水库和防渗渠道,对河流正常发展产生了不利影响;（2）水样中的F-含量均超过1mg/L,不能满足人们直接饮用的要求,F-与Ca2＋含量呈现负相关关系;（3）水样中阳离子浓度大小关系为Ca2＋〉Na＋〉Mg2＋〉K＋,水化学类型总体上为氯化物·硫酸盐·碳酸氢盐/钠质·钙质水;（4）水样的TDS变化范围在718.3~8 254.1mg/L,含量普遍偏高,水样pH变化范围在7.44~8.07,表现为弱碱性。In order to find out the current situation of hydrology and water chemistry of rivers in Gobi region, we went to the Tarim Basin and the south of the Qaidam Basin in September 2014 and surveyed 12 typical riv- ers. We reached our goals through collecting water samples, measuring the flow rate in the field, acquiring data analyzing samples in laboratory. The results showed that： （1） the impermeable channel and reservoir built in Gobi region had the adverse influence on normal development of rivers; （2） the contents of F were more than 1 rag/L, so it couldnrt meet the drinking standard, however, F- and Ca2＋ showed negative corre- lation; （3） cation intensity of water decrease in the order： Ca2＋〉Na＋〉Mg2＋〉K＋, the mainly chemical type of river water were C1- ＊ SO4^2- HCO//Na＋ · Ca2＋ ; （4） the total dissolved solid （TDS） in river water was general high, and ranged between 718.3 mg/L and 8 254.1 mg/L; pH varied between 7.44 and 8.07, and presented the alkalinity.

关 键 词：戈壁 水文调查 防渗渠道 水化学 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]