基于生态足迹的资源型城市可持续发展能力分析——以山西省晋城市为例  

Analysis of Sustainable Development Capacity in Resource Cities Based on Ecological Footprint Model——Taking Jincheng City of Shanxi Province as an Example

作　　者：李炳意 师学义[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学土地科学技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2016年第2期255-261,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国土资源部公益性行业科研专项经费"北方村庄压煤山丘区土地综合整治技术研究"(201411007)

摘　　要：以新型城镇化进程中典型资源型城市——晋城市为研究对象,采用生态足迹综合法账户模型,以2004—2013年共10a的生物资源平均产量作为动态参照,选取了较新的均衡因子,利用NPP(净初级生产力)客观合理地确定了各土地类型产量因子,在此基础上对晋城市2004—2013年的生态足迹进行了计算,并引入单位万元GDP生态足迹、生物多样性指数、生态足迹发展能力和生态压力指数四项指标,多方面综合分析了晋城市的可持续发展能力。研究表明:2004—2013年晋城市人均生态足迹呈递增趋势,人均生态承载力略微减少,生态赤字呈现上升趋势,单位万元GDP生态足迹逐年减少,生态多样性指数基本保持不变,生态经济系统发展能力有所提高,生态压力不断增大。其主要原因为人口总量增加、经济增长带动消费水平提高、能源需求所占比重较大以及土地利用效率较低。据此,提出优化产业结构,提高土地利用效率,控制人口规模,保护生态环境的对策以提高晋城市可持续发展能力。该研究在一定程度上丰富了城市生态安全研究案例,为经济发展转型中的资源型城市可持续发展提供决策依据。We selected Jincheng City as a typical resource city in the process of new urbanization to explore its sustainable development capacity according to the Account Model of Ecological Footprint Compound Approach. To be specific, we used the average yield of ecological resource from 2004 to 2013 as the dynamic reference, selected newly equivalent factors and rationally determined the yield factors of various land types under the method of net primary production （NPP）. And then we calculated the ecological footprint （EF） during 2004--2013 to evaluate the sustainable development capacity based on 4 indicators such as EF per ten thousand GDP, biodiversity index, the development ability of EF as well as the ecological tension index. The results showed that the EF per capita of Jincheng was increasing during the period from 2004 to 2013 while the ecological carrying capacity per capita was slightly decreasing. What＇s more, the ecological deficit was getting worse, the EF per ten thousand GDP was continually dropping while the biodiversity index almost remained unchanged. Although the eco-economic system improved, the ecological tension built up. Main reasons included total population increase, the enhancement of consumption level driven by the economic growth, the huge proportion of energy demand plus the relatively lower land use efficiency. Accordingly, we suggest optimize the industrial structure, improve land use efficiency, control population size and protect ecological environment to increase the sustainable development capacity. This study enriched the case study of urban ecological security to a certain extent, providing effective basis for the sustainable development of resource city in the process of economic transformation.

关 键 词：生态足迹 生态承载力 可持续发展 资源型城市 晋城市 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]