1953-2010年中国出生人口性别比变化趋势及地理分布  

Trends and geographical distribution of sex ratio at birth in China, 1953-2010

作　　者：李智[1] 张山山[2] 倪俊学[1] 全星[1] 刘锦桃[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省妇幼保健院,云南昆明650051 [2]中南大学地罐科学与信息物理学院

出　　处：《中国生育健康杂志》2016年第1期13-18,共6页Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health

摘　　要：目的了解不同年代、地域、民族的报告出生性别比情况，为治理我国出生性别偏高的现状提供科学依据。方法用全国人口普查数据计算不同年代大陆各省区市和各民族的出生性别比，将全国31个省市区不同年代的出生性别比作系统聚类分析，并将出生性别比与纬度、海拔、GDP等因素做逐步回归分析。结果1990年出生性别比开始偏高；不同地区、不同民族存在差异，有的地区严重偏高，最高的为海南省和广东省，分别为137．10和131．26，有西藏和新疆的出生性别比一直在正常范围；从二孩开始，出生性别比猛然升高；我国性别比偏高与地理分布有关。结论我国人口出生性别比偏高，具有空间分布的广泛性和时间上的延续性，应该对出生性别比偏高的重点地区、人群进行深入的调查研究，有的放矢地制定政策，达到控制我国出生性比偏高、保证人口均衡发展的目的。Objective To analyze trends of sex ratio at birth and to identify factors with sex ratio. Methods Sex ratio at birth from 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions were obtained from national census reports. Trends of sex ratio were analyzed and factors associated with sex ratio were identified. Results We found that the peak of sex ratio at birth was in 1990, with differences among provinces and ethic groups. Hai Nan （137.10） and Guangdong （131.26） had the highest ratio. On the other hand, sex ratio in Tibet and Xinjiang were at the normal range, but very high ratio was observed in second birth in these regions. The high sex ratio was closely related to geographical location. Conclusion More attention should be paid to those regions with very high sex ratio.

关 键 词：出生人口性别比 人口普查 人口均衡 

分 类 号：R169.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]