右美托咪啶在骨科手术麻醉期的临床应用  

The Clinical Application of Dexmedetomidine Use in the Anesthesia of Orthopedics Operation

作　　者：托娅[1] 付学强[1] 丁玉美[1] 杜丽英[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院手术麻醉科,内蒙古呼和浩特010030

出　　处：《内蒙古医学杂志》2016年第1期75-77,共3页Inner Mongolia Medical Journal

摘　　要：右美托咪啶(dexmedetomidine,Dex)是一种具有镇静、镇痛、抗焦虑作用的高选择性α2-受体激动剂,现阶段被广泛应用于手术辅助用药以及ICU的镇静镇痛。骨科手术对患者造成的创伤较其他手术大,其术后疼痛最为明显且疼痛持续时间长久。剧烈的疼痛同样会增加术后并发症的发生率,因此骨科手术在镇静和镇痛治疗上更为重要,右美托咪啶因其作用机理及不良反应均优于其他咪唑类药物,对呼吸循环影响较小,现已逐步被临床麻醉所关注,本文就右美托咪啶近年在骨科手术当中的应用,分别从局部阻滞(颈丛、臂丛、腰硬联合麻醉等)和全身麻醉以及术后镇痛方面进行综述。Dexmedetomidine is a highly selectiveα2-receptor agonis with sedative,analgesic and anti anxiety effect.At the present stage,Dex is widely used in the adjuvant of operation and sedation and analgesia in ICU.The trauma of orthopedics operation on patients than other operation,and postoperative pain was the most obvious and pain that lasts for a long time.The incidence of severe pain may also increase the postoperative complications,therefore orthopedics operation in the treatment of sedation and analgesia is more important.Dex because of its mechanism of action and adverse reactions were better than other imidazoles,and it has smaller effects on respiration and circulation.Dex has gradually been of concern in clinical anesthesia.In recent years,the application of Dex in orthopedics operation was reviewed from the local anesthesia（cervical plexus,brachial plexus,spinal and epidural anesthesia）and general anesthesia and postoperative analgesia.

关 键 词：右美托咪啶 骨科手术 镇静 镇痛 

分 类 号：R61[医药卫生—外科学]