杂交金鳟苗种的制备及其生长、抗病性能的研究  

Breeding of Hybrid Albino rainbow trout and Its Growth and Resistance to Diseases

作　　者：徐绍刚[1] 杨晓飞[1] 田照辉[1] 李文通[1] 马峻峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家淡水渔业工程技术研究中心,北京市水产科学研究所,渔业生物技术北京市重点实验室,北京100068

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2016年第1期133-139,共7页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：科技部科技支撑项目(2015BAD25B01);农业部都市农业(北方)重点实验室项目(99124120);北京市农业局项目(SCSYZ201511-4);北京市财政项目(kjcx20140112)~~

摘　　要：为获得生产性能优良的金鳟品系,开展硬头鳟和金鳟的正反杂交实验,并对杂交子代苗种的生长速度、抗病性能与亲本进行对比。结果表明：杂交子代均为金鳟体色;硬头鳟自交组及硬头鳟♀×金鳟♂杂交组受精卵发眼率为59.47%~62.52%,金鳟自交组及金鳟♀×硬头鳟♂的杂交组受精卵发眼率为76.91%~81.22%,4个实验组苗种孵化率保持在91.55%~94.25%;硬头鳟自交组、硬头鳟♀×金鳟♂杂交组、金鳟♀×硬头鳟♂杂交组、金鳟自交组绝对增重率分别为0.106、0.103、0.101和0.073,正反杂交组苗种的绝对增重率略低于硬头鳟自交组（P〈0.05）,但显著高于金鳟自交组,2个正反杂交组间无显著差异;鳗弧菌攻毒后硬头鳟自交组、硬头鳟♀×金鳟♂杂交组、金鳟♀×硬头♂杂交组、金鳟自交组死亡率分别为54.5%、60.8%、61.6%、100%,正反杂交组苗种抗鳗弧菌病性能比硬头鳟自交组苗种稍差,但显著优于金鳟自交组苗种（P〈0.05）,正反杂交组子代苗种间无明显差异。In order to get Albino rainbow trout strains with good productivity,a reciprocal-crossing experiment was carried out on Albino rainbow trout and steelhead trout,and the rate of growth,disease resistance were compared using hybrid progeny seedling and its parents.The results were as follows.The hybrids were of Albino rainbow trout＇s color（ golden）. The eyed egg rate of fertilization eggs from steelhead trout♀ ×Albino rainbow trout♂ was 59.47-81.22%,and that of the eggs from Albino rainbow trout♀×Steelhead trout♂ was 76.91%-81.22%.The hatching rate of fertilization eggs of the four groups was 91.55%- 94.25%. The average AGRs（ Absolute growth rate） of steelhead trout selfing,steelhead trout♀×Albino rainbow trout♂,Albino rainbow trout♀×steelhead trout♂ and Albino rainbow trout selfing were 0. 106,0. 103,0. 101 and 0. 073 respectively.The AGRs of the two reciprocal hybrids were significantly higher than that of Albino rainbow trout selfing（ P〈0.05） and lower than that of steelhead trout selfing,but there was no significant difference between the two reciprocal hybrids（ P〈0. 05）. After vibrio anguillarum infection,the mortality rates of steelhead trout selfing,steelhead trout♀×Albino rainbow trout♂,Albino rainbow trout♀ ×steelhead trout♂ and Albino rainbow trout selfing were 54.5%,60.8%,61.4% and 100% respectively. The infection experiment revealed： steelhead trout selfing had the highest resistance,the two reciprocal hybrids took the second place and significantly higher than Albino rainbow trout selfing（ P〈0.05）,there was no significant difference between the two hybrids,Albino rainbow trout had the lowest resistance.

关 键 词：红眼金鳟 硬头鳟 杂交金鳟 发眼率 孵化率 生长速度 抗病性能 

分 类 号：S965.122[农业科学—水产养殖]