不同化学类型樟树叶挥发油成分的GC-MS分析  

A GC-MS analysis of volatile oil from different types of Cinnamomum camphora leaves

作　　者：付宇新[1] 江香梅[1] 罗丽萍[2] 章挺[1] 郭夏丽[2] 贺义昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省林业科学院,南昌330013 [2]南昌大学生命科学与食品工程学院江西省植物资源重点实验室,南昌330031

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2016年第2期72-76,共5页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：江西省科技支撑项目(20123BBF60181);江西省林业科学院青年科技人才培养项目(2011522101)

摘　　要：为明确不同化学类型樟树叶挥发油化学成分组成特点,采用同时蒸馏萃取法提取5种不同化学类型樟树叶挥发油,运用GC-MS法对其化学成分进行分析,并比较了不同化学类型樟树叶挥发油含量和组成的差异。结果表明:芳樟叶挥发油共鉴定出54种成分,占挥发油总量的96.41%,其主要化学成分为芳樟醇、樟脑、石竹烯、桉叶油醇等;异樟叶挥发油共鉴定出53种成分,占挥发油总量的94.99%,主要为异橙花叔醇、芳樟醇、桉叶油醇、樟脑等;油樟叶挥发油共鉴定出53种成分,占挥发油总量的96.67%,主要为桉叶油醇、芳樟醇、松油醇、樟脑等;脑樟叶挥发油共鉴定出57种成分,占挥发油总量的95.73%,主要为樟脑、芳樟醇、石竹烯、桉叶油醇等;龙脑樟叶挥发油共鉴定出48种成分,占挥发油总量的95.61%,主要为龙脑、芳樟醇、左旋乙酸冰片酯、樟脑等。5种化学类型樟树叶挥发油化学成分在组成和含量上有所差异,鉴定出的共有成分有25种,主要为芳樟醇、桉叶油醇、松油醇、樟脑等,但是含量水平存在差异。Samples of volatile oil from 5 types of Cinnamomum camphora leaves were extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction（ SDE） method. The chemical composition of the samples was studied qualitatively and quantitatively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（ GC- MS） to determine their characteristics. The experimental results showed that 54 volatile oil components from aromatic camphor leaves were identified,which accounted for 96.41% of the oil by mass,and the main chemical components were linalool,camphor,caryophyllene and eucalyptol,etc. Fifty-three components from volatile oil of isoborneol-type leaves were identified,which accounted for 94. 99% of the oil,and the main chemical components were tert butyl alcohol,linalool,eucalyptol and camphor,etc. Fifty-three components from volatile oil of cineole-type leaves were identified,which accounted for 96. 67% of the total volatile oil,and the main chemical compounds were eucalyptol,linalool,terpineol,camphor and so on. Fifty-seven components from volatile oil of camphortype leaves were identified,which accounted for 95.73% of the oil,and the main chemical components were camphor,linalool,caryophyllene and eucalyptol, etc. Forty-eight components from volatile oil of borneol-type leaves were identified which accounted for 95.61% of the oil,and the main chemical components were borneol,linalool,L-alpha-bornyl acetate and camphor,etc. The analysis showed significant difference among the volatile oil samples in chemical composition. Twenty-five common components were identified including linalool,cineole,terpineol and camphor,etc.,but their contents vary significantly in different samples. Such difference can be used for classification of C. camphora.

关 键 词：樟树 化学类型 挥发油 化学成分 

分 类 号：Q946.85[生物学—植物学]