Ce-Ca-Mg-Al-O催化剂的制备、表征及其酯交换性能  

Preparation,characterization and performances of Ce-Ca-Mg-Al-O catalysts for transesterification

作　　者：靳福全[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原工业学院化学与化工系,山西太原030008

出　　处：《石油化工》2016年第3期297-304,共8页Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：山西省高校科技开发项目(2010130);山西省高等学校大学生创新创业训练项目(2015449)

摘　　要：以硝酸盐为原料,尿素为沉淀剂,采用均匀沉淀及焙烧的方法制备了Ce-Ca-Mg-Al-O固体碱催化剂,采用单因素实验考察了制备条件对催化剂活性的影响。应用Hammett指示剂滴定法,采用TG,BET,XRD,SEM等方法对催化剂及其前体进行了表征。实验结果表明,制备催化剂的优化条件为:n(Ce)∶n(Ca)∶n(Mg)∶n(Al)=0.100∶3.0∶3.0∶2、反应温度115℃、焙烧温度700℃及焙烧时间6 h;将优化条件下制备的催化剂用于蓖麻油与甲醇的酯交换反应,在n(醇)∶n(油)=9∶1、m(催化剂)∶m(油)=0.04∶1、搅拌转速为550 r/min、反应温度65℃及反应时间为4 h的条件下,蓖麻油转化率可达96.00%。表征结果显示,催化剂的碱强度为7.2~11.2;BJH脱附比表面积为52.20 m^2/g、BJH脱附孔体积为0.102 cm^3/g。With nitrate as the raw material,urea as precipitating agent,Ce-Ca-Mg-Al-O catalyst for the transesterifi cation of castor oil and methanol was prepared through homogeneous precipitation and calcination. The effects of preparation conditions on the catalytic activity were investigated by single factor test,and the optimized preparation conditions for the catalyst were as follows：the molar ratio of cerium,calcium,magnesium and aluminum of 0.100∶3.0∶3.0∶2,reaction temperature of 115 ℃,calcination temperature of 700 ℃ and calcination time of 6 h. Under the transesterifi cation conditions of alcohol/oil molar ratio of 9∶1,catalyst/oil mass ratio of 0.04∶1,stirring speed of 550 r/min,reaction temperature of 65 ℃ and reaction time of 4 h,the castor oil conversion reached 96.00%. The catalyst and its precursor were characterized by means of Hammett indicator titration,TG,BET,XRD and SEM. The results showed that the alkalinity,BJH desorption surface area and BJH desorption pore volume of the Ce-Ca-Mg-Al-O catalyst were 7.2-11.2,52.20 m^2/g and 0.102 cm^3/g,respectively.

关 键 词：复合氧化物 固体碱催化剂 蓖麻油 甲醇 酯交换 生物柴油 

分 类 号：TQ645[化学工程—精细化工]