甘油和乙醇制复合甘油醚的热力学数据估算与反应分析  

Thermodynamics calculation and analysis for synthesis of composite glycerin ethers from glycerin and ethanol

作　　者：李飞飞[1] 贾广信[1] 李婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《石油化工》2016年第3期311-318,共8页Petrochemical Technology

摘　　要：采用Benson和Joback基团贡献法、Rozicka-Domalski法等对甘油和乙醇制复合甘油醚反应体系的相关热力学数据进行了估算,计算了相关反应的反应焓变、反应吉布斯自由能变及平衡常数。分别考察并比较了液相和气相反应体系中温度和原料组成对转化率、收率以及平衡组成的影响。实验结果表明,该反应是放热反应,低温有利于反应进行;3个反应在液相中的平衡常数较气相中大1~2个数量级,说明在热力学上液相反应进行的程度大于气相反应进行的程度;平衡转化率和收率在液相时受温度的影响小,在气相时随温度的升高而减小;无论是液相还是气相反应体系,适宜的原料配比n（甘油）∶n（乙醇）均为1∶4。Thermodynamics for the synthesis of composite glycerin ethers from glycerin and ethanol was studied by the Benson group contribution,Joback group contribution and Rozicka-Domalski method,and the enthalpy changes,Gibbs free energy changes and equilibrium constants of the reactions were obtained. The infl uences of temperature and molar ratio of glycerin to ethanol on the equilibrium conversions,yields and equilibrium composition in the liquid phase reaction system and gas phase reaction system were investigated. The results showed that the synthesis was exothermic reactions and low temperature was benefi cial to the synthesis. The degree of all the three reactions in the liquid phase was deeper than that in the gas phase because of the equilibrium constants in the liquid phase were larger 1-2 orders of magnitude than those in the gas phase. The equilibrium conversions and yields are little sensitive to temperature in the liquid phase, but decreased with temperature rise in the gas phase. The suitable molar ratio of glycerin to ethanol is 1∶4 in both the liquid phase system and the gas phase system.

关 键 词：复合甘油醚 燃料添加剂 甘油 乙醇 热力学 基团贡献法 

分 类 号：TQ013.1[化学工程]