基因型对茄子小孢子培养诱导单倍体的影响  

Effects of Genotype on Induction of Haploid Induced by Microspore Culture of Eggplant

作　　者：王利英[1] 乔军[1] 石瑶[1] 连勇[2] 刘富中[2] 陈钰辉[2] 张映[2] 李素文[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津科润蔬菜研究所,天津300384 [2]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2016年第3期284-287,共4页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD01B08);天津市农业科技成果转化与推广资助项目(201304020);天津市财政局农业财政资金项目

摘　　要：茄子游离小孢子培养是获得单倍体的最有效途径,可以快速固定优良性状,缩短育种年限。试验选取茄子五大类型共计46份材料进行小孢子培养。结果表明,愈伤组织诱导率与4℃低温预处理天数间没有相关性,只与基因型有关。继续进行分化培养,白肉紫红圆茄愈伤组织较易诱导产生单倍体,诱导率高达69%;其次是绿茄和绿肉紫黑圆茄,诱导率达到56%;紫萼长茄诱导率为7%,绿萼长茄最难诱导。通过进一步完善茄子单倍体诱导体系,单倍体诱导率平均提高到39%,可直接辅助单倍体育种。Isolated microspore culture of eggplant was the most effective way to obtain haploid, which could quickly fix good traits and shorten the breeding period. In this paper, five types of eggplant including 46 genotypes were selected for the microspore culture. The results showed that induction rate of callus was related to the genotype rather than the days of pretreatment of low temperature at 4 ℃. In differentiation culture, white flesh purple round eggplant was easy to be induced to produce haploid, induction rate was up to 69%, followed by green eggplant and green flesh purple round eggplant up to 56%, purple calyx long eggplant up to 7%, and green calyx long eggplant was the most difficult one. Haploid induction rate of eggplant increased from 7% to 39% by further improvetion of the haploid induction system, and could directly aid haploid breeding.

关 键 词：茄子 小孢子培养 单倍体 基因型 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]