粉垄耕作后效对夏玉米群体微环境的影响  

Effects of Later Effect of Smashing Ridge Tillage on Summer Maize's Micro Environment

作　　者：聂胜委[1] 张玉亭[1] 汤丰收[2] 张巧萍[1,3] 何宁[1] 郭庆 王洪庆[4] 韦本辉[5] 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,河南郑州450002 [3]河南农业大学农学院,河南省粮食作物协同创新中心,河南郑州450002 [4]西华县农业科学研究所,河南西华466600 [5]广西农业科学院经济作物研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2016年第3期348-352,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31301284);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划循环农业项目(2012BAD14B08,2012BAD14B04);河南产粮大省财政支持项目(20150104);河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金项目(2013YQ15)

摘　　要：为了探究耕作方式对小麦—玉米轮作系统中玉米群体内微环境因子的改善情况,研究了小麦季粉垄深松对小麦—玉米轮作种植制度下玉米群体内微环境的影响。结果表明,在玉米生长季,与旋耕（CK,小麦季）相比,粉垄耕作（FL1：20~30 cm,FL2：30~40 cm,小麦季）能够有效降低土壤温度,FL1和FL2处理的土壤温度比CK低1~2℃（P≤0.05或P≤0.01）,FL1显著低于FL2;能提高土壤湿度,FL1,FL2处理高于CK（P≤0.01）,FL1极显著高于FL2;能降低群体内温度,大喇叭口期,FL1（29.94℃）,FL2（30.73℃）均低于CK（33.41℃）（P≤0.01）,分别低3.47,2.68℃,FL1FL2（P≤0.01）;灌浆期,FL1（62.96%）显著高于FL2（61.82%）,CK（61.73%）。改善群体内CO2浓度,玉米大喇叭口期,FL1和FL2处理均高于CK（P≤0.01）,分别高出81.33,52.50 mg/kg,FL1〉FL2（P≤0.05）;灌浆期,FL1和FL2均低于CK,分别低15.67,18.33 mg/kg,FL1〉FL2。粉垄耕作（小麦季）能够提高下茬玉米的籽粒产量。To explore the improvement of micro environmental factors in maize population in wheat and maize rotation system. In this paper, later effects of a new tillage（Smashing Ridge Tillage）on summer maize＇s micro environment were studied. At the beginning of the wheat sowing, there were three treatments as follows： Smashing Ridge Tillage FL1（20-30 cm）, Smashing Ridge Tillage FL2（30-40 cm）, and Rotation Tillage（12-16 cm）, respectively; And then summer maize was planted after wheat harvested. The results showed that Smashing Ridge Tillage（FL1 and FL2 treatments）in wheat season could decrease soil temperature during maize growth seasons;and there was 1-2 ℃ centigrade＇s lower of FL1 and FL2 treatments than those of CK treatment（P≤0.05 or P≤0.01）, respectively;compared with the temperature of FL2 treatment, FL1＇s was significantly lower. However, its could increase soil humidity, which the soil humidity of FL1 and FL2 treatment were extremely significant higher respectively than those of CK treatment, and FL1FL2（P≤0.01）.At maize＇s belling stages, both FL1（29.94 ℃）and FL2（30.73 ℃）group＇ temperatures were extremely significant lower than that of CK（33.41 ℃）, and about 3.47（FL1）and 2.68（FL2）centigrade were respectively lower; FL1FL2（P≤0.01）. Following maize＇s filling stages, both FL1（30.30 ℃）and FL2（30.64 ℃）group＇s temperatures were significantly or extremely significant lower than that of CK（30.89 ℃）, and about 0.59（FL1）and 0.25（FL2）centigrade were respectively lower; FL〉1FL2（P≤0.05）. Also, they could increase relative humidity during maize＇s belling and filling stages. For instance, both FL1（58.76%）and FL2（56.06%）group＇s temperatures were extremely significant higher at belling stage than that of CK（51.95%）, FL1FL2（P≤0.01）;And FL1（62.96%）was significantly higher at filling stage than those of FL2（61.82%）and CK（61.73%）. Additionally, it could also improve carbon dioxide conten

关 键 词：粉垄耕作 后效 夏玉米 微环境 

分 类 号：S341.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S513[农业科学—农艺学]