甲醇与汽油的危害对比研究  

Comparative Study of the Hazards of Methanol and Gasoline

作　　者：陈金合[1] 刘小晖[2] 慕晶霞[1] 石燕燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家安全生产监督管理总局化学品登记中心,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛市疾病预防控制中心,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《山东化工》2016年第5期129-131,共3页Shandong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：本文主要从甲醇与汽油的理化特性、毒性两方面分析了其危害并作对比;在监管层面上,从职业接触限值、GHS分类、综合危害几方面对比了其危害性。综合来看,甲醇与汽油在易燃特性上差距不大,毒性方面,甲醇与汽油没有协同效应,甲醇急性毒性危害较大,而汽油则更需要注意致癌性等长期危害,并特别注意防范引起吸入性肺炎。最终综合评定:甲醇与汽油职业性危害均属于轻度危害,综合考虑易燃与毒性,甲醇的相对危险更低。因而在规范的操作条件下,甲醇汽油的危害性并不会比汽油更高。This article compare the physical chemical properties and toxicity between methanol and gasoline, analysis the hazard among occupational exposure limits, GHS classification and comprehensive harm. On the whole, methanol and gasoline has the same flammable characteristics. There is no synergistic effect with methanol and gasoline, methanol has greater acute toxicity hazard, while gasoline has the long - term hazards such as carcinogenic, also need special attention to prevent aspiration pneumonia. All in all, methanol and gasoline＇s occupational hazards are mild, methanol has lower relative risk at flammability and toxicity. Thus in the standard operating conditions, there is no harm the methanol gasoline higher than gasoline.

关 键 词：毒性 职业接触限值 GHS 

分 类 号：TE626.21[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]