粮食作物减施化肥处理生态补偿标准定量研究  

Quantitative Research on Eco-compensation Standard about Fertilizer Reduction of Crops

作　　者：曾维军[1,2] 李建华[1,2] 张耿杰[1,2] 张建生[1,2] 陈运春[1,2] 余建新[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学国土资源科学技术工程研究中心,昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学水利学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2016年第3期810-816,F0003,共8页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAL01B04)

摘　　要：在将研究区耕地分等的基础上,构建了粮食作物成本-收益模型,并提出了减施化肥处理生态补偿标准核算方法。结果表明,以经济等为依据进行研究区减施化肥生态补偿耕地等级的划分是合理的;经测算,研究区3种粮食作物实施测土配方施肥、减半施肥、不施肥处理的补偿标准分别为-4 955.0、3 181.2、9 209.6万元/年,实施测土配方施肥处理不但减少了施肥量,而且增加了农户收入,应加大推广力度;生态补偿标准主要受耕地等级、投入-产出水平及种植制度的影响;研究区右所镇的种植结构相对合理,牛街乡农业种植效益较低,需大力调整、优化农业产业结构布局。This paper constructed crops cost-benefit model and put forward eco-compensation standard calculation method in accordance with fertilizer reduction based on classification and gradation of cultivated land. The results showed that the division of eco-compensation classification and gradation of cultivated land based on economy gradation was reasonable. The accounted eco-compensation of formula fertilization by soil testing, halving fertilization, no fertilization was 49.440, 31.812 and 92.096 million yuan per year respectively, which meant that the first treatment not only reduced the fertilizer but also enhanced the famers’ income. Eco-compensation was mainly affected by cultivated land gradation, level of investment and output and cropping system. Cropping structure in Yousuo town was relatively rational, while the cropping benefits were lower in Niujie town which needed to adjust the agricultural structure and layout.

关 键 词：粮食作物 减施化肥处理 耕地分等 成本-收益模型 生态补偿标准 

分 类 号：F326[经济管理—产业经济]