水稻育秧基质肥力特征、育秧效果及环境生态风险评价  

Fertility characteristics,seedling-raising effects and environmental ecological risk evaluation of seedling raising matrixes

作　　者：邓亮[1,2] 卢碧林[1,2] 王浩宇[1,2] 李鹏辉[1,2] 张志敏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心,湖北荆州434025 [2]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2016年第2期312-317,共6页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：湖北省支撑计划项目(2015BHE023);公益性行业(农业)专项(201203032);湖北省新农村发展研究院(长江大学)开放基金(2014CXJ01)

摘　　要：以3种生产使用育秧基质为例,对其肥力特征进行检测,采用灰色分析方法评判育秧效果,并对其环境风险进行评估。结果表明,3种基质养分含量在26.63-32.77 g·kg^-1之间,具有较好的肥力特征。其中,钟祥基质的养分均衡,p H值更适宜盘式育秧的需求。3种基质的育秧效果依次为钟祥基质〉兴化基质〉武汉基质。以盖籽土为营养土,底土为不同配比的基质时,育秧效果依次为100%基质〉40%基质＋60%自然土〉30%基质＋70%自然土〉50%基质＋50%自然土;以盖籽土为基质,底土为不同配比的基质时,育秧效果依次为100%基质〉40%基质＋60%自然土〉50%基质＋50%自然土〉30%基质＋70%自然土。3种基质的潜在生态风险指数处于中—强生态风险危害水平,重金属Hg,Cd为基质的主要污染因子。从节约成本和提高育秧效果角度考虑,在生产中推荐采用40%基质＋60%自然土的底土配置方式。在基质的生产过程中需要考虑原料选择,减少或避免重金属污染带来的问题。In the present study,the seedling-nursery effects of 3 seedling raising matrixes were evaluated through gray analysis method,along with their fertility characteristics and potential environmental ecological risk being assessed. The results showed that the nutrients contents of 3 seedling raising matrixes were within 26. 63- 32. 77 g·kg^- 1. Among 3 tested matrixes,Zhongxiang matrix exhibited a balanced nutritional composition and suitable p H range for disc seedling-nursery. The seedling raising effects decreased as Zhongxiang matrix 〉Xinghua matrix〉 Wuhan matrix. When nutritional soil was used as seed-cover soil and different ratios of matrixes were used as subsoil,the seedling raising effects decreased as 100% matrix 〉40% matrix ＋ 60% natural soil 〉30% matrix ＋ 70%natural soil〉 50% matrix ＋ 50% natural soil. When matrix was used as seed-cover soil and different ratios of matrixes were used as subsoil,the seedling raising effects decreased as 100% matrix〉 40% matrix ＋ 60% natural soil 〉50% matrix ＋ 50% natural soil 30% matrix ＋ 70% natural soil. The potential ecological risk index was in middle to strong ecological risk level,and Hg and Cd were the main pollution factors. Considering cost and seedlingraising effect,40% matrix ＋ 60% natural soil was recommended for agricultural production. Meanwhile,raw material should be carefully selected for matrix production,in order to reduce or avoid heavy metal pollution.

关 键 词：育秧基质 肥力 环境生态风险评价 秧苗素质 

分 类 号：S504.3[农业科学—作物学]