常温下厌氧氨氧化组合工艺处理低C与N质量浓度比的城市污水的脱氮除磷性能  

Nitrogen and phosphorus removal from low mass concentration ratio between C and N municipal wastewater based on Anammox process at ambient temperatures

作　　者：邵和东 王淑莹[1] 张亮[2] 张树军[2] 甘一萍[2] 杨延栋[3] 彭永臻[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室,北京100124 [2]北京城市排水集团有限责任公司,北京100022 [3]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第1期344-349,共6页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2012AA063406)~~

摘　　要：在常温条件下,利用序批式反应器和序批式生物膜反应器的组合工艺(SBR+SBBR)处理低C与N质量浓度比(ρ(C)/ρ(N))城市污水。原水先进入SBR反应器,通过厌氧-好氧交替运行实现高效除磷,其出水进入SBBR反应器进行强化脱氮处理。SBBR反应器通过接种短程硝化污泥和厌氧氨氧化生物膜,控制适宜溶解氧(DO)质量浓度,实现全程自养脱氮。系统稳定运行期间,原水COD质量浓度为206 mg/L,总氮质量浓度为51.52 mg/L,磷酸盐质量浓度为4.09 mg/L,出水的总氮和磷酸盐质量浓度分别为10.7 mg/L和0.17 mg/L。研究结果表明:利用该组合工艺处理低碳氮比(ρ(C)/ρ(N)=4)城市污水,不外加碳源条件下,出水氮磷均可到达一级A标准。系统稳定运行的关键在于维持SBBR反应器合理的DO质量浓度(0.2~0.5 mg/L),持续抑制亚硝酸盐氧化细菌的增殖,避免硝酸盐的积累。A combined process consisting of a sequencing batch reactor and a sequencing batch biofilm reactor（SBR＋SBBR） was used to treat municipal wastewater of low mass concentration ratio between C and N（ρ（C）/ρ（N）） at ambient temperature. In the combined system, phosphorus was efficiently removed in the SBR reactor through alternately anaerobic-aerobic operation. Then the effluent of SBR was further treated in the SBBR to remove ammonium through nitritation-Anammox（anaerobic ammonium oxidation） process. SBBR reactor was inoculated with shortcut nitrification sludge and Anammox biofilm. Autotrophic nitrogen removal was successfully achieved by controlling appropriate DO mass concentration from 0.2 to 0.5 mg/L. During the stable operation of the combined system, the influent COD, TN and PO4^（3-）-P mass concentrations were 206, 51.52 and 4.09 mg/L, respectively. The average mass concentrations of TN and PO4^（3-）-P in effluent were 10.7 and 0.17 mg/L, respectively. The results show that the municipal wastewater of low mass concentration ratio between C and N（ρ（C）/ρ（N）=4） can be well treated in the combined system. The final effluent can meet the first-level（A） standard without additional carbon source. Further analysis indicates that controlling appropriate DO mass concentration in the SBBR reactor is the key factor for stable operation of the whole system, which can stabilize the shortcut nitrification-Anammox and persistently inhibit the growth of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria.

关 键 词：废水 生物反应器 生物膜 脱氮除磷 厌氧氨氧化 SBBR 低ρ(C)/ρ(N) 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]