质量平衡模型及其在污水处理厂节能降耗中的应用  

Mass balance model and its application in energy-saving of wastewater treatment plants

作　　者：张晓军[1] 应启峰[2] 王洪臣[1] 尹训飞 蒋松竹[1] 张源凯[1] 何志江[1] 范强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学环境学院,北京100872 [2]北京城市排水集团有限责任公司,北京100022

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2016年第3期1030-1034,共5页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理重大科技专项(2013ZX07314-001)

摘　　要：利用北京某污水处理厂监测数据,建立了该厂的TSS和COD质量平衡模型。利用质量平衡校验污水厂监测数据,结果表明该厂初沉池、生物处理单元和污泥脱水单元TSS平衡误差分别为20.7%、19.3%和5.8%,全厂COD平衡误差为-3.8%,平衡准确性较好。通过与奥地利Strass污水处理厂的COD质量平衡数据进行比较,发现两者的差异主要在于:Strass污水处理厂通过一级处理去除了60.7%的进水COD,而北京某污水厂去除46.0%;Strass污水厂进水COD有35.9%转化为了CH4,而北京某厂为8.5%;Strass污水厂进水COD负荷的21.8%在生物反应池中通过碳氧化和反硝化转化为了CO2,而北京某污水厂为37.3%。COD质量平衡的差异是导致两厂曝气电耗和沼气产电差异的重要原因。以北京某厂COD质量平衡优化为视角,提出污水厂节能降耗的建议。Based on the monitoring data of a wastewater treatment plant（ WWTP） in Beijing,TSS and COD mass-balance models were established. Data from this plant were validated using TSS and COD mass-balance models. The results showed that the TSS mass balance errors of the primary settling tank,biological treatment unit,and sludge-dewatering unit were 20. 7%,19. 3%,and 5. 8%,respectively. The plant-wide COD mass balance error was- 3. 8%. By comparing the COD mass distribution with that of the Strass wastewater treatment plant in Austria,differences between the two plants were identified. At the Strass WWTP,60. 7% of the influent COD was removed through primary treatment,while at the Beijing WWTP,it was 46. 0%. Regarding influent COD,35. 9% was converted into CH4 at the Strass WWTP,but 8. 5% at the Beijing WWTP. For conversion of influent COD into CO2 by carbon oxidation and denitrification processes,the Strass WWTP converted 21. 8%,while it was 37. 3% at the Beijing WWTP. Differences in the COD mass balance resulted in variations of aeration-energy consumption and biogas-energy generation between these two plants. Measurements to improve and optimize the energy efficiency of the Beijing WWTP are proposed in view of its COD mass balance.

关 键 词：质量平衡模型 数据校验 节能降耗 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]