边界层微型火箭气象探空系统研制与应用  

Development and Application of Mini-rocket Meteorological Sounding System for Atmospheric Boundary Layer Observation

作　　者：朱彦良[1] 陈洪滨[1] 凌超[1] 王勇[1,2] 孙宝来[1] 刘玉盛 杨智强 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所中层大气和全球环境探测重点实验室,北京100029 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所淮南大气科学研究院,安徽淮南232001 [3]航天科工第四研究院中天火箭技术公司,西安710025

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2016年第1期102-107,共6页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"内蒙高原浅对流云的观测研究"(41275039);国家重点基础研究项目"气溶胶对气候效应的影响和评估"(2010CB950804);平流层重大专项(FL0109)资助

摘　　要：首次介绍了国内自主研制的边界层微型火箭气象探空系统,系统包括火箭发射装置、探空仪、降落伞、地基接收设备和数据接收处理软件,其温度、湿度和气压测量采用数字式传感器,风速和风向由北斗/GPS全球定位信息获得。火箭升空至顶点后,将探空仪和降落伞从仪器舱弹出,在下降过程中测量大气的温度、湿度、气压和风速、风向等参数,通过无线发射机传送至地面接收机,由处理软件实现数据存储和参数分析。不同地区、不同气象条件下多次外场比较试验和实际应用结果表明,该系统性能稳定,探测技术指标和功能满足使用单位的设备研制要求,可应用于气象保障、大气探测、环境监测及海洋气象要素廓线的观测。A lower tropospheric mini-rocket meteorological sounding system is introduced for the first time. The system is composed of launch package,dropsonde,parachute,ground-based receiver and data processing software. High-quality digit sensors are employed in measurements of temperature,relative humidity and pressure. Wind speed and direction are derived from BDS / GPS information. The payload is launched to the specific altitude,and then dropsonde is ejected with parachute at apogee. High resolution sounding of atmospheric parameters are performed when the dropsonde is descending. Several comparing test and launching missions show that： the system with high accuracy and steady performance could be applied in high resolution sounding of meterological element profile for meteorological support,atmospheric sounding,environmental monitoring and marine meteorology.

关 键 词：微型火箭 下投探空仪 低层大气探测 

分 类 号：P412.26[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]