构建骨质疏松动物模型建模方法的改进及评价  

Improvement and evaluation of modeling method in animal models of osteoporosis

作　　者：张春丽[1] 李忠海[1] 周颖[1] 刘彦[1] 侯树勋[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院第一附属医院骨科、全军骨科研究所、北京市骨科植入医疗器械工程技术研究中心,北京市100048

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2016年第5期754-759,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC81201380);中国博士后科学基金特别资助(2015T81101);北京市自然科学基金(7153174)~~

摘　　要：背景:通过骨质疏松动物模型深入了解骨质疏松症发病机制和发生发展过程,对骨质疏松症的临床诊断和防治都具有重大意义。目的:归纳和总结骨质疏松症建模方法及研究思路,揭示骨质疏松症动物模型建立的现状和进展,比较各种建模方法的优缺点,为临床研究提供借鉴意义。方法:应用计算机检索中国生物医学文献数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、万方中文数据库和Pub Med数据库,检索时间为1969年1月至2015年10月,以"动物模型;骨质疏松症"和"animal model;osteoporosis"为检索词,语言分别设定为中文和英文。按纳入和排除标准对文献进行筛选。分别以骨质疏松症建模方法、方法的改进以及各自方法的优缺点等几方面出发进行归纳和总结。结果与结论:共收集576篇相关文献,排除发表时间较早、重复及类似研究的文献,共纳入53篇符合标准的文献。各种骨质疏松动物模型可能只侧重于表现该疾病的某种病因、某一阶段、某些主要症状及某些病理生理变化,必须根据研究目的,选择合适的造模方法和实验动物。大鼠手术去势法是目前骨质疏松症建模中最常应用的模型。药物法构建骨质疏松症模型以糖皮质激素最常用。失用性法及营养性法应用局限,往往结合去势法或药物法一起使用。转基因、基因突变及脑源性模型的应用效果有待观察。BACKGROUND： Animal models of osteoporosis play an important role in the research of the pathogenesis, occurrence and development of osteoporosis, as well as in the clinical diagnosis, prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE： To summarize and discuss the establishment and research ideas of osteoporosis models, explore the current situation and advance of osteoporosis models, compare the advantages and disadvantages of various methods, and provide evidence for clinical investigation. METHODS： A computer-based online search was conducted in Sino Med, VIP, Wanfang and Pub Med databases by using the key words of ＂animal model, osteoporosis＂ from January 1969 to October 2015. The language was limited to both Chinese and English. Relevant articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The documents about the methods of osteoporosis model preparation, method improvement as well as their advantage and disadvantage were summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： A total of 576 articles were included. Among them, articles published earlier, duplicated, and similarly were excluded, and 53 articles were finally included. Various animal models of osteoporosis may only focus on the certain causes, certain stage, some of the main symptoms and some pathophysiological changes of disease. Accordingly, appropriate modeling methods and experimental animals should be selected based on research objective. Rat undergoing castration is the most commonly used model in the modeling of osteoporosis. Among drug methods for constructing osteoporosis model, glucocorticoids is the most commonly used one. Disuse method and nutritional method have limitations, and always combined with castration and drug methods. The effects of gene transfer, gene mutation and brain-derived model deserve further investigation.

关 键 词：组织工程 动物 骨质疏松症 实验动物 骨软骨损伤与修复动物模型 骨质疏松 建模方法 去势 药物性骨质疏松 失用性骨质疏松 营养性骨质疏松 脑源性骨质疏松 转基因小鼠 国家自然科学基金 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]