煤矿周边土壤重金属形态特征及迁移转化规律  

Morphological characteristics and migration and transformation rule of heavy metals in soil around the coal mine

作　　者：刘玥[1] 乔栋[1] 牛宏[1] 张磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大同大学煤炭工程学院,山西省大同市037003

出　　处：《中国煤炭》2016年第3期115-120,共6页China Coal

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(SJ08-ZT08-3)

摘　　要：为了研究煤矿周边土壤内重金属形态特征以及迁移转化规律,采用Tessier五步连续提取法分析了矿区周边土壤内重金属形态特征,研究了重金属迁移和释放规律以及重金属分布状况。结果表明:(1)土壤内Cd主要以有机物结合态和铁锰氧化结合态存于土壤中,Cu主要以碳酸盐结合态和残渣态留存在于土壤中,Pb、Zn主要以可交换态和碳酸盐结合态存在于土壤中。Pb、Zn、Cu生物有效利用率较高。(2)重金属的释放速率受酸碱性影响明显,酸性条件会加快重金属的释放并促进Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd在土壤与水体之间交换、迁移。(3)重金属Pb、Zn主要分布在表层,煤矿开采对土壤内重金属Pb、Zn含量影响较大,对Cu、Cd影响小。In order to study morphological characteristics and migration and transformation rule of heavy metals in the soil around the coal mine,the authors analyzed metals＇ morphological characteristics in the soil around the coal mine by taking Tessier 5 step sequential extraction method,and studied rules of heavy metals＇ migration and release,and heavy metals＇ distribution patterns.The results showed：（1）Cd of the soil mainly existed the state of organic matter and oxidation of the iron and manganese,Cu mainly existed the carbonate bound state and residual state retained in the soil,Pb and Zn mainly existed the exchangeable and carbonate bound states in the soil,Pb,Zn and Cu had high effective bioavailability!（2）acid-base properties obviously affected release rate of heavy metals in soil,acidic conditions would accelerate the release of Pb、Zn、Cu and Cd,and promote the exchange and transfer between the soil and water;（3）heavy metals Pb and Zn mainly distributed in soil surface,coal mining had a great influence on the contents of Zn and Pb in soil,the effects of Cd and Cu in the soil was relatively small.

关 键 词：土壤重金属 形态特征 迁移转化 

分 类 号：TD997[矿业工程—选矿]