Rab蛋白在葡萄糖转运中的作用  

The Role of Rabs in Glucose Transport

作　　者：黄薇[1] 康雁君[1] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学无锡医学院基础医学系,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》2016年第3期274-280,共7页Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

摘　　要：在脂肪和骨骼肌细胞中,胰岛素可迅速刺激葡萄糖转运,即通常所说的GLUT4转运。GLUT4转运是指Rabs与GTP结合时,促进囊泡与微管和微丝蛋白结合,并通过锚定和融合作用使GLUT4囊泡与目标膜结构融合。多数Rab家族成员广泛表达于各种组织细胞中,且在细胞内定位十分广泛,几乎存在于真核细胞所有的膜相关的细胞器的胞浆侧。Rab蛋白作为囊泡运输的分子开关,通过调节运输小泡的停泊和融合,在囊泡的形成、转运、粘附、锚定、融合等过程中起着重要的作用。Rab蛋白受到多种上游调节蛋白的调节,同时调控着下游的多种效应蛋白,构成了复杂的调控网络:任何一个环节改变都可能会导致蛋白质转运的异常,进而引发疾病。本文系统阐述了Rab蛋白在葡萄糖转运过程中的作用及该领域的最新进展。Insulin timely stimulates the transport of glucose in fat and muscle cells,which involves GLUT4 translocation. Rabs in the GTP forms promote this process by attaching vesicles to microtubule and microfilament motors,and facilitate vesicle fusion to target membranes through interactions with the docking and fusion machinery. Rabs are ubiquitously expressed in majority tissue cells with an extensive cytoplasmic distribution in membrane associated eukaryotic organelles. As molecular switches of vesicular transportation,Rabs play an important role in vesicle formation,translocation,adhesion,anchoring and fusion process. Rabs are regulated by upstream regulatory proteins and modulate downstream effector proteins,both of which belong to a complex network. Disruption of Rabs or associated proteins may cause abnormal protein transportation and lead to certain disease. This review discussed the role of Rabs in glucose translocation with latest research findings.

关 键 词：Rabs 葡萄糖转运蛋白4 葡萄糖转运 糖尿病 

分 类 号：R34[医药卫生—基础医学]