迷失的优雅:广州白天鹅宾馆景观演变中的文化政治  

Falling from Grace: Cultural Politics and the Changing Landscape of White Swan Hotel, Guangzhou

作　　者：蔡晓梅[1,2] 苏晓波[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学旅游管理学院,广东广州510631 [2]华南师范大学文化地理与文化产业研究中心,广东广州5106312 [3]美国俄勒冈大学地理系,俄勒冈州尤金97403

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2016年第3期16-25,共10页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"基于(跨)文化认同的城市饮食空间地方性建构与重塑研究--广州案例"(41201137);"转型时期中国城市新移民的地方感与文化身份认同研究--以珠三角为例"(41171125);"全球化视野下跨地方饮食文化生产的类型;过程与机制:基于广州的案例"(41201140);国家旅游局旅游业青年专家培养计划(TYETP201442)资助~~

摘　　要：以"优雅"著称的广州白天鹅宾馆作为中国改革开放的窗口,其标志性景观意义在时代变化中不断被建构与重塑。文章采用深度访谈和文本分析方法,分析时空演变过程中白天鹅宾馆的物质景观、景观的权力表征以及不同主体对景观意义的博弈,从而探讨其景观的社会文化与政治意义。研究发现白天鹅宾馆景观揭示了依附其上的经济、政治与社会文化权力关系,其景观意义的演变与权力主体不可分离,不同权力主体的博弈,导致其景观意义在流变中摇摆。研究丰富了政府与旅游企业动态关系的认识,同时引入政治经济的元素来延展景观阅读的理论,为旅游的相关研究提供了新的视角,也为转型期中国宏观社会变迁与微观景观意义流变的互动关系提供了可供参考的分析框架。The White Swan Hotel in Guangzhou has undertaken over 30 years of transformation and the hotel＇s symbolic meanings have accordingly been reconfigured and refashioned to reflect the broader social and economic changes in China. In the 1980 s, the hotel was regarded as the benchmark of the luxury hotel industry in Guangdong Province. Under the tutelage of Hong Kong tycoon Dr. Henry Fok,the hotel endeavored to promote a patriotic sentiment by using Chinese managers and providing highquality service.In the 2000 s, when Dr. Fok passed away and China became more globalized, the hotel was nationalized in 2006 and controlled by Guangdong State- asset Management Commission. After it went through a transition from an HK- Guangdong joint venture to a local state- owned company, the hotel loses its metaphor of a national symbol and falls from grace.Within this context, this paper explores White Swan Hotel＇s material landscape, the power relations that underpin the representation of landscape, and how different forces interpret the hotel in order to unpack the multiple meanings embodied in the hotel＇s landscape. It is found that the hotel encodes economic, political, and cultural relations through its location, interior design, and graceful service. Furthermore, the changing meaning of the hotel＇s landscape is tightly associated with various forces＇ interest. When the hotel was a joint venture, all related forces reached an agreement to the hotel＇s meaning; when it became a state- owned company, the local government in Guangdong endeavored to exemplify its historical value and imposed more bureaucracy upon its daily management, both of which intensify the tension among different interest groups. In order to pacify the tension, Guangdong Stateasset Management Commission, on behalf of the controlling stakeholder, stayed away from the hotel＇s long- established management system and hired Westerners as high- ranking executives. Some staff members, who were loyal to the hotel＇s grace, chose to resign in order to ex

关 键 词：文化政治 标志性景观 权力关系 意义 广州白天鹅宾馆 

分 类 号：F592[经济管理—旅游管理] D0[经济管理—产业经济]