红色旅游和社会记忆  

Red Tourism and Social Memory

作　　者：徐克帅[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学旅游与城市管理学院,江西南昌330032

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2016年第3期35-42,共8页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"国民休闲背景下城市游憩空间意象的特征;效应与形成机制研究"(41261029)资助~~

摘　　要：研究引入符号系统和社会记忆建构过程理论,在重新定义了红色旅游概念后,建立了红色旅游目的地记忆符号系统这一理论框架。红色旅游目的地记忆符号系统由信息(空间、地方和各种物质和非物质形式)、指代对象(重大事件及其价值)、编码、媒介、发送者和接收者构成。符号的发送者依托红色旅游目的地,通过动态的红色符号选择、表述和重演机制(编码和媒介),向符号的接收者(游客)传达信息,推动其理解并内化信息所表征的价值和意义。在这一过程中,游客将个体生命与国家和民族命运紧密相连,通过基于社会现实的神圣性体验形塑红色记忆,从而构建其社会身份认同,达到个体(归属感和自尊)和社会(凝聚力)的共赢;同时,红色旅游目的地符号也将以求同存异的方式促进全球不同社会的互信和交流。＂Red tourism＂is a unique phenomenon in modern- day Chinese tourism. The Chinese government has promoted development of this approach since 2004 with the aim of inspiring patriotism among the Chinese public, especially among the younger generations, and boosting economic development in areas that served as traditional revolutionary bases. In 2011, the government increased the number of red tourism destinations/sites; places where major Chinese historical events from 1840 to the present occurred. In the context of this change, I provide a new definition of red tourism in the present paper. I assert that the term refers to the social phenomenon or activities in which people visit destinations where the most important events transpired during modern Chinese history（1840-present）.These events demonstrate the Chinese people＇s pursuit of the great dream of building a prosperous and powerful country, notably led by the Communist Party of China（CPC） since 1921. Based on this definition, I integrate the concept of sign systems developed by Pierre and theories on the construction process of social memory advanced by Western researchers, formulating a conceptual framework for a sign system for red destinations. The system＇s message（signifier） includes the spaces and areas of red destinations, tangible monuments such as archives, memorials, and martyrs＇ burial sites, and intangible forms such as songs, legends, and oral history relating to the major events in modern Chinese history.The system＇s referent（signified） refers to the major events demonstrating the dream of building a prosperous and powerful country, and the spiritual values of these events. Relying on red destinations,the sender（government） transmits the message to the receivers（tourists） through the mechanism of selection, articulation, and rehearsal of red signs（coding and media）.I also examine the role of red tourism in the construction of social memory, from three perspectives. To effectively perform the social function o

关 键 词：红色旅游 红色记忆 身份 符号系统 神圣感 

分 类 号：D642[政治法律—政治学] F592.6[政治法律—中外政治制度]