出 处:《中华实验外科杂志》2016年第3期800-803,共4页Chinese Journal of Experimental Surgery
摘 要:目的观察右美托咪定(Dex)术前喷鼻在小儿室间隔缺损封堵术前镇静镇痛及术后躁动的影响。方法择期行室间隔缺损封堵术的患儿共90例,年龄2—6岁,采用随机数字表法分成3组,每组30例。A、B和C组患儿分别于麻醉诱导前30min以咪达唑仑n2mg/kg、Dex1.0μg/kg或2.0μg/kg喷鼻。记录3组患儿基础值(T0)、给药后5min(T1)、给药后15min(T2)、给药后25min(13)、麻醉诱导后10min(T4)、手术开始后30min(T5)、术毕(T6)及术后30min(T7)时的心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)及脑电双频指数(BiS)。于T0-T3时对3组患儿进行警觉与镇静(OAA/S)评分,记录3组患儿与家长分离时镇静情绪评分和静脉穿刺接受程度评分,记录3组患儿术后躁动评分及其他不良反应发生率。结果与A组[(5.6±0.7)、(4.8±0.7)分]和B组[(5.5±0.6)、(4.9±0.6)分]比较,C组患儿T2-T3时[(4.5±0.9)、(3.5±1.0)分]的OAA/S评分均降低(P〈0.05),且T2-T3、T6-T7时的HR[(99.5±9.2)比(108.8±10.4)、(109.4±10.3);(89.5±9.6)比(99.4±11.2)、(98.5±10.4);(94.8±9.1)比(103.7±10.9)、(105.7±10.3);(98.8±10.4)比(107.8±11.7)、(109.7±12.2)次/分]、MAP[(79.8±7.0)比(87.8±7.5)、(85.8±7.2);(78.3±7.8)比(81.8±8.3)、(80.7±7.3);(82.7±10.6)比(89.8±10.7)、(91.8±11.2);(83.7±9.3)比(90.7±10.9)、(92.8±11.3)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)]及BIS(67.6±4.3比75.6±5.1、73.5±4.8;52.7±4.2比63.5±4.9、61.6±4.7:75.5±7.3比83.3±7.6、82.5±7.8;84.5±7.5比94.7±7.9、93.5±7.3)均降低(P〈0.05)。与A组[(2.3±0.5)、(1.9±0.6)分]和B组[(2.4±0.6)、Objective To observe the effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine (Dex) as premedica- tion on preoperative sedation analgesia and postoperative agitation in pediatric patients undergoing surgery of transcatheter ventricular septal defect closure. Methods Using a computer - generated randomization schedule, ninety pediatric patients aged from 2 to 6 yrs, scheduled to surgery of transcatheter ventrieular septal defect closure, were enrolled and diveded into three groups, 30 cases per group. Children were pre- treated midazolam with O. 2 mg/kg, dexmedetomidine with either 1.0 or 2. 0 μg/kg by nasal drip 30 min before anesthesia induction in group A, B or C, respectively. Heart rate (HR) , mean arterial blood pres- sure (MAP), pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) and bispectral index (BIS) were recorded at baseline (TO) , 5 min (T1) , 15 min (T2) and 25 min (T3) after treatment, 10 rain (T4) after anesthesia induc-tion, 30 rain ( T5 ) after the beginning of operation, at the end of operation (T6) and 30 rain ( T7 ) after operation in the three groups. The observer' s assessment of alertness/sedation scale (OAA/S) was per- formed from TO to T2 in the three groups. Calm mood score when children and parents separated and veni- puncture acceptance score were recorded in the three groups. The incidences of postoperative agitation and other adverse reactions were recorded after treatment in the three groups. Results Compared to group A (5.6±0.7, 4.8 ±0.7) and group B (5.5 ±0.6, 4.9±0.6), OAA/S of children were lower (P〈 0.05) from T2 toT3 (4.5±0.9, 3.5±1.0), andHR [(99.5±9.2) vs. (108.8±10.4), (109.4± 10.3); (89.5±9.6) vs. (99.4±11.2), (98.5±10.4); (94.8±9.1) vs. (103.7±10.9), (105.7±10.3); (98.8±10.4) vs. (107.8±11.7), (109.7±12.2) /mini, MAP [(79.8±7.0) vs. (87.8±7.5), (85.8±7.2); (78.3±7.8) vs. (81.8±8.3), (80.7±7.3); (82.7±10.6) vs. (89.8±10.7), �
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