湘南千年桐优树的选择与评价  

Selection and evaluation of superior Aleurites montana trees in Hunan

作　　者：周义罡 邓国将 罗广忠 王瑞辉[1] 李婷[1] 周璞[1] 李胜君[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学,湖南长沙410004 [2]郴州国盛生物能源股份有限公司,湖南郴州423000

出　　处：《经济林研究》2016年第1期12-18,共7页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：湖南省科技厅2015年度县域经济发展技术创新引导专项"油桐资源高效利用与产业化示范"(2015IVK2020);郴州国盛生物能源股份有限公司技术开发项目"油桐高效栽培与利用关键技术研究"(2014430001000728)

摘　　要：为给湘南千年桐采穗圃的建立和无性系的繁育提供优良的种质资源,以湖南省宜章县4年生千年桐林木为研究对象,从中以目测法选出了67株备选优树,根据千年桐的生物学特性,确定单株结果量、单株产果量、单株产油量、鲜果出籽率、干籽出仁率和干仁出油率等6个性状指标作为选优评价指标,根据67株备选优树6个性状指标的测定均值、标准差和极差建立了千年桐优树的综合评价体系,按此评价体系从67株备选优树中初选出了29株优树。在这29株优树中,Ⅰ级优树4株,其6项性状指标的测定均值分别为781.25个、18.13 kg、3.01 kg、42.13%、69.58%、57.60%,分别为67株备选优树的215.22%、193.49%、259.48%、105.09%、99.00%、110.73%;Ⅱ级优树10株,其6项性状指标的测定均值分别为593.10个、13.20 kg、1.77 kg、42.95%、74.24%、52.02%,分别为67株备选优树的163.39%、140.88%、152.59%、107.13%、105.63%、100.00%;Ⅲ级优树15株,其6项性状指标的测定均值分别为428.90个、11.00 kg、1.37 kg、37.84%、75.15%、54.86%,分别为67株备选优树的118.15%、117.40%、118.10%、94.39%、106.93%、105.46%。研究结果表明,文中建立的综合评价法可为湘南地区千年桐优树的选择提供一种科学的评价方法。In order to provide some superior germplasm resources for establishing scion nursery garden and clone propagation of Aleurites montana in the south of Hunan, taking 4-year-old trees in A. montana as research objects, 67 optional trees were selected out by using the visual method, a comprehensive evaluation system was established based on mean values, standard deviations, and ranges of six characteristic indexes of the 67 optional trees. The six characteristic indexes as evaluation indexes for superior selection were fruit amount per plant, fruit yield per plant, oil yield per plant, seed rate in fresh fruit, kernel rate in dry seed and oil rate in dry kernel, respectively. Further more, based on the evaluation system, 29 superior trees were select out from the 67 shortlisted trees. In the superior trees, mean value of the six indexes of the four trees at the Ⅰ grade were 781.25, 18.13 kg, 3.01 kg, 42.13%, 69.58%, and 57.60%, respectively, which were 215.22%, 193.49%, 259.48%, 105.09%, 99.00%, and 110.73% of the optional trees. Mean value of the six indexes of the ten trees at the Ⅱ grade were 593.10, 13.20 kg, 1.77 kg, 42.95%, 74.24%, and 52.02%, respectively, which were 163.39%, 140.88%, 152.59%, 107.13%, 105.63%, and 100.00% of the optional trees. Mean value of the six indexes of the ten trees at the Ⅲ grade were 428.90, 11.00 kg, 1.37 kg, 37.84%, 75.15%, and 54.86%, respectively, which were 118.15%, 117.40%, 118.10%, 94.39%, 106.93%, and 105.46% of the optional trees. In conclusion, the comprehensive evaluation system was a scientific way to superior trees selection in A. montana in the south of Hunan.

关 键 词：千年桐 优树选择 选优性状 综合评价 

分 类 号：S602.4[农业科学—园艺学] S794.3