高山峡谷区暗针叶林木质残体储量及其分布特征  

Woody debris storage and its distribution in a dark coniferous forest in the alpine-gorge area

作　　者：肖洒[1] 吴福忠[1] 杨万勤[1] 常晨晖 李俊[1] 王滨[1] 曹艺[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学生态林业研究所,林业生态工程重点实验室,成都611130

出　　处：《生态学报》2016年第5期1352-1359,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170423,31270498);国家“十二五”科技支撑计划(2011BAC09B05);四川省杰出青年学术与技术带头人培育项目(2012JQ0008,2012JQ0059);中国博士后科学基金(2012T50782)

摘　　要：木质残体是高山峡谷区暗针叶林生态系统的重要组成元素,其分布在林窗、林缘和林下可能具有较大的差异,但一直缺乏必要关注。因此,以典型川西高山峡谷区岷江冷杉(Abies faxoniana)原始林为研究对象,研究了高山峡谷区暗针叶林木质残体的储量特征及其在林窗、林缘和林下的分布特征。结果表明,岷江冷杉原始林木质残体总储量达53.00 t/hm^2,且呈现林下的储量大于林窗和林缘的趋势。从林窗到林下木质残体的类型均以倒木为主,直径大于40 cm的木质残体储量占粗木质残体的74.55%—76.15%,林窗、林缘和林下Ⅲ和Ⅳ腐烂等级的粗木质残体储量之和分别占粗木质残体储量的50.02%、55.84%和62.90%。相对于林下和林缘,林窗内倒木和根桩的储量比例较小,但枯立木和细木质残体的储量比例较高。此外,林窗内较低腐烂等级粗木质残体的储量较高,而林下较高腐烂等级粗木质残体的储量显著高于林窗和林缘。这些结果为充分认识高山峡谷区暗针叶林生态系统林窗更新过程中木质残体相关的物质循环等关键生态过程提供了基础理论依据。Woody debris,including coarse woody debris and fine woody debris,constitute a large component of forest biomass and play an essential role in forest biodiversity and material cycling in many forests. Many studies have been focused on the function,decomposition,formation,and storage of coarse woody debris,and their relations with forest regeneration under altitude 3000 m. Woody debris especially fallen and dead trees are often involved in the formation of a forest gap and forest regeneration,showing different distribution patterns from the forest gap center,and gap edge to a closed canopy. Compared to other forests,the dark coniferous forest ecosystems above altitude 3000 m can be limited more strongly by low temperature and natural disasters; therefore the forest regeneration can be more dependent on woody debris.Far less information has been available on woody debris storage and the distribution patterns that are affected by forest gaps in the dark coniferous forest. Accordingly,foe this study,we selected a typical primary forest of Minjiang fir（ Abies faxoniana） in an alpine-gorge area in the eastern Tibet Plateau and western Sichuan. We analyzed woody debris storage and its distribution characteristics with different decay classes and diameters from forest gap center and gap edge to closed canopy. The results showed that woody debris storage was 53.00 t / hm-2 in the dark coniferous forest,and which in closed canopy was greater than that in forest gap and forest edge. Log showed the greatest storage compared to other coarse woody debris,and stump storage accounted for less than 1% of total coarse woody debris storage. The woody debris whose diameteris greater than 40 cm accounted for 76.15%,74.55%,and 75.68% of total woody debris storage in the forest gap center,gap edge,and closed canopy,respectively. No significant differences were observed in coarse woody debris with different diameters in the forest gap center,gap edge and closed canopy. The storage of woody debris with diameter 20—30 cm was signific

关 键 词：暗针叶林 木质残体 林窗 储量 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]