退休影响健康吗?——一种社会学实证研究的视角  

An Empirical Analysis of the Effect of Retirement on Health in China

作　　者：王存同[1] 臧鹏运 

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学社会发展学院,北京100081

出　　处：《人口与发展》2016年第1期11-18,10,共9页Population and Development

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目资助;中央财经大学科研创新团队支持计划资助;国家社会科学基金一般项目(14BRK025)资助

摘　　要：退休作为一种社会生活事件性应激源,对于是否影响健康及对健康影响机制的研究结论尚未明确。基于2010年中国综合社会调查数据(CGSS2010),对退休事件影响我国社会成员健康的作用机制进行了探索性分析。退休是导致个体健康状况,包括身体健康状况和精神健康水平降低的重要因素之一。具体表现为:退休事件对个体的健康存在着显著的负向影响,即退休会在一定程度上导致健康水平的降低;退休事件对健康的影响存在着性别差异。相对于女性,退休对男性健康的负向影响更大。此外,健康也是退休与其他人口学特征、家庭变量及社会变量合力作用的结局,表现为受教育程度、婚姻状态、经济状况、锻炼频率等与退休事件合力对个体的健康水平产生了显著影响。Although retirement is an important eventful stressor in life course,the association between retirement and individual＇s health status is unclear. Based on the CGSS2010 survey data,this study aims to explore the mechanism of how retirement affects the health in China.The results demonstrate the negative effect of retirement on health,and show that the retirement leads to a decrease in the health conditions among Chinese citizens. However,men and women are not equally impacted by retirement and men＇s health tends to deteriorate more with retirement than women＇s. In addition,the health status is an integrated outcome influenced by the retirement event and other social factors,including education level,marital status,social economics status and the frequency of exercise.

关 键 词：健康 退休 TOBIT模型 定序回归 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]