焊接电参数对GTAW熔透状态的影响  

Effect of welding electric parameters on weld penetration of GTAW

作　　者：张刚[1] 樊丁[1] 石玗[1] 黄健康[1] 李春玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州730050

出　　处：《焊接学报》2016年第2期25-28,130,共4页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：973前期研究专项项目(2014CB660810);国家自然科学基金资助项目(61365011);陇原创新性人才扶持计划项目;兰州理工大学红柳杰出人才培养计划项目(J201201)

摘　　要：针对非熔化极气体保护焊(gas tungsten arc welding,GTAW)过程中因焊接参数波动、热传导条件变化难以实时检测和控制熔透的难题,考虑304不锈钢相变潜热随温度的变化,建立了焊接电参数与熔池相变潜热、背面熔宽间的动态变化数学模型,仿真研究了改变焊接电流、电弧电压对焊缝熔透状态的动态影响规律,预测了恒定电参数下点焊熔透状态发生改变的时间.采集了同参数焊接过程中表征熔透状态变化的反射激光点阵视频图像,统计计算了实际熔透发生改变的时间.结果表明,所建立的动态数学模型能够反映焊缝熔透状态随电参数的动态变化过程,且焊接电流对熔透状态的影响更显著;熔透变化预测时间与实测时间一致.To investigate the influence of welding electric parameters,heat transfer conditions on detection and control of weld penetration in gas tungsten arc welding process,a new mathematical model of welding electric parameters and latent heat,backside weld width in GTAW process was established by considering latent heat varying with temperature for 304 stainless steel. The effect of welding current and arc voltage on weld pene-tration was simulated,and the time of complete penetration was predicted under constant welding current in spot welding. To verify the accuracy and effectiveness of established model,a series of experiments were conducted and the laser dots images reflecting the dynamic variation of weld penetration were captured. After statistically analyzing and calculating the variable time of reflected dots shape from the automated frame images,the actual time from partial penetration to complete penetration was obtained. The experimental and simulated results show that the established mathematical model can respond the change of weld penetration with varying welding electric parameters,and the effect of welding current is more apparent. The predicted results based on the established model agree well with the measurement.

关 键 词：非熔化极气体保护焊 焊接电参数 建模仿真 熔透 

分 类 号：TG409[金属学及工艺—焊接]