贸易、经济增长与环境效率——基于条件方向性距离函数的分析  

Trade,Economic Growth and Environmental Efficiency——An Analysis based on the Conditional Directional Distance Function

作　　者：党玉婷[1] 徐磊[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学国际工商学院,天津300384 [2]中南大学数学与统计学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《商业研究》2016年第3期102-112,共11页Commercial Research

基　　金：天津市高等学校人文社会科学研究项目"加工贸易对中国环境污染的影响研究--基于投入产出技术矩阵的环境赤字测算";项目编号:20112401;天津市哲学社会科学规划资助项目"全球价值链下中国对外贸易内涵污染问题研究";项目编号:TJLJ15-009

摘　　要：本文采用条件方向性距离函数测算1992-2014年中国29个省份的工业环境效率,检验经济增长与环境效率之间的关系,并分析贸易、环保投入等因素对中国工业环境效率的影响。实证结论显示:中国工业环境效率总体呈逐年上升趋势,地区间差异逐年减小并趋于收敛,东部地区的平均环境效率要明显高于中、西部地区;经济增长与环境效率呈倒U型曲线关系,环境效率随着经济增长呈现先上升后下降的趋势,且2014年东部大部分省份均已超过拐点,而中、西部地区尚未到达拐点;对外贸易总体上有利于中国工业环境效率的提高,尤其是在经济较为发达的东部地区,而在中、西部地区对环境效率的负面影响要大于其正面影响;环保治理投入力度越大,工业环境效率越低,这主要是由于对工业污染高投入且效果较差的"末端治理"所导致;第二产业增加值占国内生产总值比重越高,工业环境效率越高,第二产业拉动经济增长从而对环境效率产生的正面效应大于其负面影响;人口密度对中国工业环境效率的影响总体上为负,人口密度越大,环境效率越低。This paper calculates China＇s industrial environmental efficiency of 29 provinces from 1992 to 2014 by using the conditional directional distance function, examines the relationship between economic growth and environmental effi- ciency, and analyzes other factors that influence China＇s industrial environmental efficiency such as trade, environmental protection investment, etc. The results reveal that： China＇s overall industrial environmental efficiency shows an upward trend, the regional differences decrease year by year and tends to convergence, the average environmental efficiency in eastern area is significantly higher than middle and western region; an inverted u-shaped curve relationship exists be- tween economic growth and environmental efficiency, which means the environmental efficiency shows an downward trend after rising along with economic growth, in 2014 most eastern provinces have been surpassed the turning point, the mid- dle and western region have not .reached the turning point yet; foreign trade, on the whole, is beneficial to the improve- ment of China＇s industrial environmental efficiency, especially in the developed eastern region of China, while in the middle and western regions the negative impact of trade on environmental efficiency is larger than its positive influence; the greater the environmental governance investment is, the lower the industrial environmental efficiency is, which is mainly due to the high investment and poor effect of industrial pollution control caused by ＂end-treatment＂ ; the higher the proportion of added value of the secondary industry in gross domestic product is, the higher the industrial environmen- tal efficiency is, the positive effect of secondary industry on environmental efficiency driven by economic growth is greater than its negative impact; population density has a negative effect on China＇s industrial environmental efficiency on the whole, the higher population density is, the lower environmental efficiency is.

关 键 词：环境效率 经济增长 贸易 条件方向性距离函数 

分 类 号：F18[经济管理—世界经济] F14