马克思的生产批判视角之于环境难题的意义——从托马斯·普林森的消费批判谈起  

The Significance of Marx's Critique of Production for Environmental Problems——To Begin with Thomas Princen's Critique of Consumption

作　　者：蔡华杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学马克思主义学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（人文科学版）》2016年第2期57-65,共9页Wuhan University Journal (Humanity Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(13CKS020);福建省高校杰出青年科研人才培育计划(JAS14074)

摘　　要：普林森将消费视为对产品的使用以及对资源的消耗,并由此形成了从消费视角审视环境问题的三个基本概念:基础消费、过度消费和不当消费。这成了不少学者进行消费批判的范式,但他只将消费行为视为一种"既定现象"加以经验描述、批判并进行推导,而回避了产生现象的本质。因此,在寻求出路的时候,难以寻找到实现消费转型的土壤和驱动力,变革就只能停留在对消费的道德批判和乌托邦的期待中。由此,回到马克思的生产批判视角,以废弃和浪费为例,我们就可以知晓其对于消费批判的意义在于:如果我们不仅仅将消费理解为一种个体行为,而是一种与生产相联系的社会关系行为的话,那需要变革的就不仅仅是消费行为,而且包括生产行为,并且要通过变革商品生产的资本主义形式来形成绿色消费模式。Thomas Princen regards consumption as product use and ＂using up＂,and thus forms three concepts surveying environmental issues from the perspective of consumption：basic consumption,overconsumption and misconsumption.This becomes a paradigm many schorlars use when criticizing consumption.However,he just regards consumption as a given phenomenon to be described,critized,and derived,while avoiding the essence of the phenomenon.Therefore,when he resorts to the way forward,he has no idea about how to give impetus to consumption transformation,as a result,change can only stay on the ethical critique of consumption and utopian expection.So take waste for instance,returning to Marx＇s critique of production,we can find its significance for the critique of consumption,that is if we not only regard consumption as an individual activity,but also a social relationship activity connecting to production,what we should do is to transform both consuming and producing behaviors,and shape green consumption model through changing commodity production with capitalist form.

关 键 词：托马斯·普林森 消费批判 生产批判 环境难题 

分 类 号：F014.5[经济管理—政治经济学]