异步电动机可变负载降压节电器研究与设计  

Research and Design on Energy- saving Variable Load Buck of Asynchronous Motor

作　　者：张博[1] 段明浩[2] 尹德扬[1] 莫华清[2] 张成远[2] 张金波[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学能源与电气学院,南京211100 [2]河海大学物联网工程学院,常州213022

出　　处：《微处理机》2016年第1期72-75,共4页Microprocessors

基　　金：河海大学国家级大学生创新训练计划资助项目(201510294034)

摘　　要：为了实现异步电动机在轻载或空载运行时,通过降低其工作电压达到节能经济运行的目的,从异步电动机的T型简化模型着手,对异步电动机的能耗进行了详细分析。采用控制晶闸管导通角的相控调压方式,引入功率因数角自整定PID控制算法,再结合电动机电流反馈,设计了一种异步电动机可跟踪负载的节电控制器。该控制器集自动跟踪负载,轻载节能和断相、过载、三相不平衡、逆相等多种保护功能于一体,且在电动机启动过程中可实现软启动功能,使启动电流小,机械冲击小,实现了一个控制器完成多种控制功能的目的。经在132KW1600T摩擦压力机上使用,节电率高达39%,节能效果明显。In order to save energy and operate economically by lowering the operating voltage during the asynchronous motor running in light -load or no -load,this paper starts from its simplified model T and analyzes the energy consumption in detail,and designs an asynchronous motor variable load buck energy -saving controller which can automatically track the load.The power factor angle of self -tuning PID control algorithm,combined with the motor current feedback,is presented and the energy -saving controller is designed with the protection functions of light load and open phase,overload,three -phase unbalance and reverse phase.In addition,the soft start function is realized,in low current and mechani-cal shock,and achieve the purpose of a controller with a variety of control functions.The experiment shows that the power saving rate is as high as 39% on the friction pressure machine of 132KW1600T, and energy -saving effect is obvious.

关 键 词：异步电动机 可变负载 降压节电 晶闸管导通角 相控调压 软启动 

分 类 号：TM343[电气工程—电机]