皇甫川流域降水基流特征及其响应关系  

Respective Characteristics and Mutual Response Relationship of Precipitation and Base-Flow in Huangfuchuan Basin

作　　者：刘柏君[1,2] 雷晓辉[2] 刘争胜[3] 权锦[2] 王浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [3]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2016年第4期7-12,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：环保部公益性行业科研专项(2013467042);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAB05B05);国家"973"计划项目(2013CB036406);国家科技重大专项(2012ZX07205);水利部公益性行业科研专项(20131102);北京市科技计划课题(Z141100006014049)

摘　　要：采用不同方法对黄河中游典型黄土丘陵沟壑区皇甫川流域1954—2012年的日流量进行基流分割,可知Eckhardt数字滤波法及其与改进最小滑动法结合使用所得基流值较为合理。多种方法分析表明,流域年内降水分配不均匀,主要集中于夏季,冬季少雨,且夏、秋季呈显著变化趋势;多降水年、普通降水年及少降水年的雨量空间分布均不一样,年际面降水量无明显突变点,表现为波动变化;流域基流呈显著下降趋势,1999年为突变点,2010年11月—2011年12月间基流出现断流。通过分别比对基流—气温和基流—降水数据的变化过程、变化趋势,结合基流—降水双累积曲线,发现基流与气温间相关关系较弱,降水是影响基流变化的次要因素,在全球气候变化背景下,人类活动的增强是促使基流变化的主要因素,人类活动和降水变化的共同作用导致皇甫川流域基流整体呈下降趋势。Different techniques were employed to separate base-flow on the basis of daily flows from 1954 to 2012 in Huangfuchuan basin that belongs to loess hilly-gully region in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. The results show that Eckhardt digital recursive filter method and that combines with improved minimum sliding method techniques are more rational. Various methods for analyzing basin rainfalls show that rainfalls are in uneven distribution during the year, m change trends of rainfalls occur in summer and autumn ainly both. concentrate in summer and there is less precipitation in winter, and significant There are no obvious points of abrupt change with regard to annual rainfalls have the expression of fluctuations. Basin base-flow is significantly decreased, year 1999 is the point of abrupt change and setting off happened in November 2010 to December 2011. By comparing changing processes and trends about precipitation and temperature with base-flow, respectively, and combining double-mass curve method between base-flow and precipitation, which demonstrate that there is a weak correlation between base-flow and temperature, rainfall is the secondary factor and enhanced human activity is the main factor have the joint effects on base-flow under the background of global climate change. Reduction of base-flow in Huangfuchuan basin is induced by human activity and rainfall changes.

关 键 词：基流分割 降水特征 基流特性 响应关系 皇甫川 

分 类 号：TV211.2[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P333.9[天文地球—水文科学]