矿山边坡坡度对降雨入渗与侵蚀过程影响试验  

Experimental Study on Rainfall Infiltration and Runoff Erosion Process with the Gradient of Mining Slope

作　　者：邵莲芬[1] 曾红彪[2] 李雄峰[2] 赵超[2] 

机构地区：[1]黄淮学院建筑工程学院,河南驻马店463000 [2]中国地质大学工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《人民黄河》2016年第4期74-78,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41272377);河南省科技厅科技攻关计划项目(122102310477)

摘　　要：以河南省焦作市某矿山边坡为例,利用人工模拟降雨试验研究了矿山边坡坡度对降雨入渗及产流侵蚀过程的影响。试验结果表明：雨强对入渗过程有重要影响,雨强在120~180 mm/h变化时,平均入渗率随雨强增大而增大,并随时间逐渐减小;坡度为20°~45°范围内,随边坡坡度减小,平均入渗率呈增大趋势,压实度增大,土壤孔隙率减小,入渗能力减小;土壤侵蚀量与土壤侵蚀模数随降雨强度增大而增大,侵蚀模数在边坡35°处出现较大转折;随着边坡坡度增大,浸润锋入渗边坡的速率增大,坡度越大浸润锋向坡底发展的速率越大。Taking soil erosion of mine slope in Jiaozuo City in Henan Province as an example and using artificial simulation experiment, this paper studied the influence of slope gradient to the rainfall infiltration and runoff erosion process under rainfall in mine slopes. The results show that the rainfall intensity has important influence on the infiltration process and rainfall intensity changed between 120-180 mm/h; the average infiltration rate increases with the increasing of rainfall intensity, and gradually decreases over time. Gradient within 20 ° to 45 °, the slope gradient decreases, and the average infiltration rate shows an increasing trend. The degree of compaction increases with the decrease of soil porosity while the infiltration capacity decreases. The average soil erosion and soil erosion rate increase with the rainfall intensity and the erosion rate gets a big turning point in slope of 35°. Along with the increase of slope gradient, the wetting front infiltration in slope increases at a certain depth with the greater slope development rate.

关 键 词：人工降雨 入渗 矿山边坡 土壤侵蚀 试验 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]