基于多源数据的福建东山岛海岸侵蚀及其不同时空尺度成因分析  

Coastal erosion and its cause analysis in different spatial temporal scales based on multi sources data in Dongshan Island of Fujian Province

作　　者：刘勇[1] 陈本清[2] 刘乐军[3] 李培英[4] 杜军[1] 丰爱平[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所海岛海岸带研究中心,山东青岛266061 [2]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005 [3]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所海洋工程与测绘研究中心,山东青岛266061 [4]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《海洋学报》2016年第3期98-110,共13页

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(GY0214G17);国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201005010);青岛博士后人员项目启动资金(QDBSH2014006)

摘　　要：海岸侵蚀对海岛紧缺的陆地资源及旅游价值较大的沙滩危害巨大。基于卫星遥感、有人航空摄影、无人机航测、GPS和现场调查等多源数据,利用GIS分析了东山岛海岸线类型、位置与长度变化及滩面冲蚀演变。研究表明,东山岛多处曲折自然岸线转化为较为平直的人工岸线致使整体岸线长度减少,无人机高程反演满足滩面排水冲蚀监测精度要求,乌礁湾和山南湾不同养殖排水方式形成不同特征的滩面冲沟,改变了沙滩微地貌形态。海平面上升和台风风暴潮是长期趋势性和短期突发性侵蚀因素的代表,当前短时间尺度的人类活动已成为滩面冲蚀的最主要因素,且有可能转变为长期趋势性因素。Coastal erosion causes great harm to islands with scarce land resources and beach of tourism value.Based on multi source data such as satellite remote sensing,aerial photography,unmanned aerial vehicle（UAV）,GPS and field survey etc,the changes of coastline types,location,length and evolution of beach surface erosion in Dongshan Island was analyzed by GIS.The results show that the length of entire coastline was reduced,because of the transformation from irregular natural coastline to regular artificial coastline.UAV elevation inversion can meet precision requirements for beach surface erosion monitoring.Various breeding drainage ways on beach surface has caused different beach surface gullies in Wujiao Bay and Nanmen Bay,so the micro morphology of the beach was changed.Rising sea levels and the typhoon storm surge are representative factors of the long term and short term erosion respectively.Present human activities has become the most important factor of coastal erosion in short time scale,and is likely to turn into long term tendency factor.

关 键 词：海岸侵蚀 东山岛 海滩剖面 遥感 多源数据 

分 类 号：P737.17[天文地球—海洋地质]