福建省2015年自然灾害卫生应急准备风险评估  

Risk assessment of health emergency preparedness for natural disasters in Fujian province in 2015

作　　者：叶燕[1] 洪荣涛[2] 陈彩粼[2] 叶雯婧[2] 章灿明[2] 陈武[2] 欧剑鸣[2] 翁育伟[2] 邓艳琴[2] 陈爱平[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省血液中心,江苏南京210042 [2]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350001

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2016年第1期33-36,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

基　　金：2014年福建省卫生计生委青年科研课题资助计划(2014-1-28);2012年福建省科协决策咨询研究课题项目

摘　　要：目的评估福建省在发生台风和洪涝等自然灾害后可能面对主要公共卫生问题及全省的卫生应急准备情况,提出风险管理建议。方法采用专家会商法和一轮德尔菲(Delphi)法进行评估。结果专家会商讨论认为,2015年福建省可能发生的自然灾害主要有台风和洪涝。灾害可能导致风险升高的公共卫生因素有:卫生应急准备中应急专家与队伍组建和培训及演练、应急物资储备目录编制与落实和急救自救知识与健康教育;生物威胁指标中宿主生物与媒介昆虫威胁。建议相关部门及时修订自然灾害突发事件卫生应急处置预案,组织全省卫生应急队伍人员针对不同类型的灾害开展培训,加强健康教育宣传力度,加强病媒生物的监测工作。结论 2015年福建省因自然灾害导致公共卫生问题的风险依然存在,突出表现在卫生应急准备不足;引起呼吸道、肠道、自然疫源性疾病暴发风险升高,但不排除局部发生流行的可能。Objective To assess the major public issues and the public emergency preparation after typhoon and flood in Fujian province in 2015. Methods The evaluation was done based on expert meeting and a round of Delphi method.Results According to the discussion, flood and Typhoon may occur in Fujian province in 2015. The high risk factors were the formation and practice of public health emergency stuffs and equipment, the formation and implement of emergency supply＇s catalogue, emergency treatment and healthy education, the biological threats of host and insect vectors. The project and education for emergency events in natural disasters were needed. Also, we needed more healthy education and surveillance on the natural calamity. Conclusion Based on the risk assessment, there might be high risk in the public health issues in natural calamity. The disease on respiratory, intestine, natural focus infection might happen or outbreak on some areas.

关 键 词：自然灾害 卫生应急准备 风险评估 

分 类 号：D630.8[政治法律—政治学] R129[政治法律—中外政治制度]