玉竹开花习性及花粉生活力测定方法的比较研究  

A comparative study on flowering habits of Polygonatum odoratum and pollen viability determination method

作　　者：宫丽婷[1] 孟庆龙[1] 吕东明[1] 王天媛[1] 任跃英[1] 骆长林 封安新 康岩 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学中药材学院,吉林长春130118 [2]通化百泉参业集团股份有限公司,吉林通化134000

出　　处：《人参研究》2015年第4期35-39,共5页Ginseng Research

基　　金：吉林省农业综合开发科技示范项目;通化市长白山主要中药材规范化种植技术示范项目

摘　　要：以玉竹为试验材料,研究其开花习性及花粉生活力快速有效的测定方法。选取正常生长的玉竹植株进行定株,观察玉竹花朵并对其朵花期、序花期、株花期、盛花期进行观察并记录;采用I2-KI染色法、TTC染色法、亚甲基蓝染色法、改良石炭酸染色法检测花粉生活力,以悬滴培养法进行对照。结果表明玉竹花期为4月末到5月中下旬,持续约25d左右。玉竹朵花期从现蕾到凋谢时长12~17d,每一花序开花持续时间为2~4d,盛花期在见花的9~15d,占整个花期的58.34%。I2-KI和TTC染色法对玉竹花粉的染色效果不理想,不适于观测其花粉活力,改良石炭酸染色法使花粉生活力的测定值偏高,亚甲基蓝染色法使花粉细胞出现蓝色、浅蓝色反应,利于分辨花粉生活力的有无。本文旨在对玉竹的开花习性及不同染色法测定花粉生活力的筛选的研究,进一步了解玉竹开花生物学特性,为研究玉竹的有性繁殖特征积累资料,进一步为玉竹的育种研究工作提供参考依据。Objective In Polygonatum odoratum as test material,studying on its flowering habits and rapid and effective method for measuring pollen viability.[Methods]Selecting the normal growth of the plants of Polygonatum odoratum and given strain,observation Polygonatum odoratum flowers and flowers flowering, flowering sequence, flowering plants, flowering,as well as recorded;Using the I2-KI staining, TTC staining, methylene blue staining, modified carbolic acid staining pollen viability,and hanging drop culture method were compared.Rsesults Polygonatum odoratum flowering in late April to mid-May to late,continue about 25 d.Polygonatum odoratum flowering flowers from bud to wither long 12 ~ 17 d,Each inflorescence flowering duration of 2 ~ 4d, see the flowers in full bloom at 9 ~15d, accounting for 58.34 percent of total flowering.I2-KI and TTC staining pollen Polygonatum odoratum dyeing effect is not ideal, is not suitable for observing the pollen viability,Improved carbolic acid staining the measurement value is high pollen viability, methylene blue staining make pollen cells appeared blue, light blue response, which will help distinguish the presence or absence of pollen viability.Conclusion We studied the screening of Polygonatum odoratum flowering habits and different staining pollen viability was determined to further understand the biological characteristics of flowering Polygonatum odoratum, Polygonatum odoratum to study sexual reproduction characteristics accumulate data, further study of breeding Polygonatum odoratum provide a reference work.

关 键 词：玉竹 开花习性 花粉生活力 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]