神府地区兰炭企业现状与改进建议  

Semi-coke Producers in Shenfu Area Today and Suggestions on Improvement

作　　者：李奎[1] 祝伟[1] 彭坚[1] 孙晓彤[1] 刘戈[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西延长石油集团北京石油化工工程有限公司,北京100107

出　　处：《中外能源》2016年第3期21-30,共10页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：受国内外经济发展减缓以及国家对电石和钢铁等领域限制性宏观政策的双重影响,兰炭行业处境困难。造成这种困境的主要原因除了外部经济环境外,还有干馏技术落后、产品附加值低和产业结构不合理等因素。神府地区兰炭企业生产装置技术落后,煤气品质差,煤焦油收率较低,环境污染严重,产品附加值低,同时产业布局不合理,未形成完善的产业链。为了实现神府地区2300×10^8t煤炭资源的高附加值利用,在技术更新方面,企业对已成熟的工艺应勇于加大投入和选用,进行富氧或纯氧低温干馏技术的工业化改造与试验,获得高品质煤气;选用干法熄焦代替湿法熄焦,回收红焦所带显热,同时减少环境污染和水资源消耗。在市场推广方面,企业应巩固现有市场、开拓新市场,主动寻找兰炭、焦油和煤气的高附加值利用途径。在企业战略规划上,应着力完善企业的加工路线和产业链,匹配热量和物料平衡,充分高效合理利用低温干馏所富余的热量和煤气,就地加工低附加值产品,生产高附加值产品,节省低附加值产品的运输成本,提升高附加值产品的竞争力和经济效益。在宏观政策方面,考虑环境承载能力,合理控制兰炭产业规模,鼓励企业进行热-电-气-油-化差异化发展,优势互补。Affected by a slowdown of the Chinese economy and a national policy of arresting the breakneck growth of sectors such as calcium carbide and steel,the semi-coke industry is having a hard time.In addition to the external economic environment,the main factors leading to this difficult situation for the semi-coke industry include outdated dry distillation technology,low added value of products and irrational industry structure.Semi-coke producers in Shenfu generally use outdated production units and technology.The quality of coal gas produced by them is low and their coal tar yields are low.Their production pollutes the environment seriously,their products have low added value,their capacity distribution is irrational and no well-developed industrial chain has been established.In order to achieve a high-value utilization of the 2300 ×10^8t coal resources in Shenfu,as far as technical upgrade is concerned,enterprises in the area should increase their investment in proven technology and expand the use of such technology and try to acquire high-quality coal gas by pushing industrial upgrades and experiments on oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen low-temperature dry distillation technology.They should replace wet quenching with dry quenching to recover sensible heat carried by red-hot coke,while reducing environmental pollution and water consumption.As far as market pro-motion is concerned,enterprises should make effort to consolidate their current market shares,explore new markets and actively seek high-value utilization of semi-coke,tar and coal gas.On strategic planning,enterprises should strive to improve their processing routes and industrial chains,match heat and material balance,efficiently and rationally utilize the surplus heat and coal gas in the low-temperature dry distillation process,and process low-value products on the spot to make high-value products,reducing the cost of transporting low-value products and increasing the competitiveness and economic returns of high-value products.On regu-latory policies,th

关 键 词：兰炭 煤气 煤焦油 低温干馏 干法熄焦 高附加值 差异化发展 

分 类 号：F426.21[经济管理—产业经济]