明代颁历仪式研究  

A Study on the Almanac Conferring Ceremony in the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：汪小虎[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学公共管理学院 [2]华南师范大学历史文化学院社会时间史研究所,广州510006

出　　处：《自然科学史研究》2015年第4期436-449,共14页Studies in The History of Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目:明清二朝颁历藩属国及其影响研究(项目编号:15CZS025)

摘　　要：始于明代的颁历仪式,是"观象授时"传统在国家礼制体系中的重要表征。文章首先考察了明初颁历仪式"洪武初制"、"洪武定制"的形成过程,厘清了其与前代礼制之间的承袭关系;然后对仪式进行了流程划分,认为"洪武初制"包含4个步骤,而"洪武定制"有9个步骤;通过对两种仪式的流程比较,指出前者侧重于"进历",后者以"进历"与"颁历"并重。颁历仪式是明代政治生活中不可忽视的组成部分,其参与人员甚至包括部分普通士民,这体现出朝廷对于君臣互动关系的重视。The Almanac Conferring Ceremony,which began in the Ming Dynasty,was a significant characteristic of the ＂Sky-Gazing and Season-Granting＂tradition in the national ritual system.This paper starts with a survey of the progressive formation of the Inceptive Ceremony and the Stabilized Ceremony parts of the Almanac Conferring Ceremony in the Hongwu reign,demonstrating a relationship of inheritance between the Hongwu Ceremonies and previous ritual systems. Secondly,the paper classifies the Inceptive and the Stabilized Ceremonial procedures into four and nine steps respectively. By comparing the two procedures,the paper points out that the Inceptive Ceremony placed emphasis on Submitting the Almanac,while the Stabilized Ceremony attached the same importance to both Submitting the Almanac and Conferring the Almanac. The Almanac Conferring Ceremony was an indispensible aspect of politics in Ming dynasty,and its participants included non-official figures,embodying the attention the government paid to the interactions between the monarch and his subjects.

关 键 词：明代 颁历 仪式 历书(历日) 《大统历》 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]