中国特大安全事故政治问责:影响因素及其意义  

Political Accountability in China's Catastrophic Workplace Accidents:Determinants and Implications

作　　者：张欢[1] 王新松[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学社会发展与公共政策学院

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第2期170-184,199,共15页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：北京高校青年英才计划YETP0276

摘　　要：自2003年起,中国特大安全事故的问责制度初步形成。引起这种变化的原因既可能源自政治体制内行政管理改革的需求,也可能来源于社会公众对公共机构的要求和压力。基于对2003—2007年间84个特大安全事故案例的实证分析结果可知,来自社会的压力是推动2003年之后中国政治问责变化的主要因素。该结果从三方面反映出我国近年来政治生态的变迁:(1)媒体参与对政府的监督,在"舆论监督"功能的脉络上,发展出问责的功能,从而开始在改变中国的政治生态中显现作用。(2)问责动力机制的历史性变化,表明我国国家—社会正在建构一种良性互动的关系。(3)媒体成为问责动力机制中的新结构性元素,表明我国在国家治理现代化进程中跨进了一大步。此外,本研究的结果显示,媒体进入问责动力机制还处于起步状态。The accountability institutions in response to catastrophic workplace accidents in China have been formed since2003.The institutional changes may be a result of the state's need for reforming the public administration,or the public demands and pressure is over state institutions.Based on empirical analyses of 84 catastrophic workplace accidents in 2003-2007,the authors try to prove that social pressure was the principal factor to push the changes of political accountability institutions since 2003.The results demonstrate the transitions of Chinese political ecology in three aspects.First,the media has extended beyond its traditional function of public opinion supervision to exert the power of accountability,thus changing the political ecology.Second,the historical change of the accountability mechanism implicates a development of positively interactive state-society relations.Third,the fact that the media has become a structural factor in the accountability mechanism implies a big step forward in the modernization process of national governance.These developments,however,are still at a nascent phase seen from the research results.

关 键 词：政治问责 特大安全事故 媒体 舆论监督 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]