贵州石漠化地区蜜源植物调查  

Investigation of Nectar Plants in Guizhou Kars Rocky Desertification Areas

作　　者：韦小平 孙秋 杨成 何成文 李应 林黎 徐祖荫 

机构地区：[1]贵州省现代农业发展研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《蜜蜂杂志》2016年第4期9-11,共3页Journal of Bee

基　　金：国家自然科学基金2011(71263012):西南喀斯特石漠化成因的文化驱动机制研究;黔科合LH字2014(7684)号:中华蜜蜂授粉对贵州油茶产量的影响;黔农科院院专项2013(020)号:贵州麻山石漠化地区中华蜂保育研究

摘　　要：蜜源植物是石漠化地区蜜蜂生产的前提条件,蜜源植物的丰富度一定程度上决定了当地蜂群的发展规模。为摸清贵州石漠化地区的蜜源植物特点,以不同石漠化程度划分样方,结合田野调查与问卷调查法,对麻山两个县轻度、中度与重度石漠化地区的蜜粉源农作物与野生植物作调查。结果显示,麻山地区蜜源农作物有21种,乔木(果树)9种,野生植物23种。主要蜜源农作物有南瓜、油菜和豆类,主要辅助蜜粉源植物有拐枣、野藿香、刺梨、金银花、火棘和乌敛莓。结果表明,石漠化地区蜜粉源植物种类丰富,但每一类的数量都很有限,无优势种。在该地区发展中蜂,应综合考虑补充种植蜜源植物,以满足中蜂扩群繁殖的需要。Nectar plants are essential for beekeeping in karst rocky desertification areas. Its quantity and diversity determines the population of honeybees. To understand the characteristics of nectar plants in Guizhou karst rocky desertification areas, three low, medium, and high rate of rocky desertification sites were selected to do the investigation by integrating field survey and questionnaire interview methods. Survey results showed that local nectar plants included 21 crops, 9 fruit trees and 23 wild plants,which characterized by pumpkin squash, rape and beans as major crops, and honey raisin tree, wild ageratum, rosa roxburghii,honeysuckle, pyracantha and caratia japonic as wild nectar plants.Data analysis results demonstrated that nectar plants in these areas were diverse, but the population was limited, which indicates that there is no dominant nectar plants available. Therefore it would benecessary to develop dominant nectar plants in karst rocky desertification areas to balance the increase of honeybees（Apis cerana） population in future.

关 键 词：石漠化地区 蜜源植物 调查 

分 类 号：S897.1[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]