中国土地城镇化和人口城镇化相对效率评价  

Relative Efficiency Evaluation of Land Urbanization and Population Urbanization in China

作　　者：王兴杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《生态经济》2016年第4期14-17,23,共5页Ecological Economy

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题"重点生态功能区社会经济系统对生态补偿响应模拟研究"(2013BAC03B05)

摘　　要：为促进人口城镇化和跟上土地城镇化的步伐,优化我国城镇化政策,运用数据包络分析方法,评估土地城镇化相对于人口城镇化的效率。结果表明：2006~2012年,全国平均土地城镇化效率为0.851;全国人口城镇化速度明显滞后于土地城镇化速度,全国城区总人口应增加14.9%,现有的城市建设用地效率才能达到最高。西部地区平均土地城镇化效率最高,东北第二,中部第三,东部最低。如果土地城镇化效率达到最高水平,全国可以节约19.217%的居住用地、19.510%的公共设施用地、21.733%的工业用地、24.490%的物流仓储用地、17.097%的道路交通用地、22.083%的市政公用用地和21.933%的绿地广场用地,且保持现有城市建设用地规模不变,就可基本容纳2020年60%的城镇人口。如果全国土地城镇化效率保持现有水平不变,承载2020年60%的城镇人口,需新增7128.3 km2的城市建设用地。应将东部地区作为2020年前我国人口城镇化的重点区域。In order to promote population urbanization and catch up with the pace of land urbanization, and optimize China＇s urbanization policy, we use data envelopment analysis method to evaluate relative efficiency between land urbanization and population urbanization. The results show that： the average efficiency of land urbanization in China is 0.851 from 2006 to 2012;China＇s population urbanization speed obviously lags behind the land urbanization speed, only when the national urban population increases 14.9% can the existing urban construction land efficiency reach its highest. The average efficiency of land urbanization in the western China is the highest, the northeast is the second, the central region is the third, and the east is the lowest. If the land urbanization efficiency reaches the highest level, 19.217% residential land, 19.510% land for public facilities, 21.733% industrial land, 24.490% logistics warehousing land, 17.097% road traffic land, 22.083% municipal land and 21.933% green square land may be saved in China. Besides, if the existing urban construction land scale remains unchanged, it can basically accommodate 60% urban population of 2020. Supposing that China＇s land urbanization efficiency remains the existing level and unchanged, if 60% urban population of 2020 need to be born, newlyincreased urban construction land of 7128.3 square kilometers is needed. The eastern region should be regarded as the important region of China＇s population urbanization before 2020.

关 键 词：土地城镇化 人口城镇化 效率 

分 类 号：F291.1[经济管理—国民经济]