云南三七种植区土壤主要养分含量特征研究与评价  

Evaluation of Main Soil Nutrients Characteristics for Panax notoginseng Planting Area of Yunnan

作　　者：杜彩艳[1,2] 张乃明[3] 姜蓉[2] 汪泰[2] 刘源[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植保学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205 [3]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2016年第3期599-605,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省科技创新强省计划(2014AE014)

摘　　要：本文以云南省三七主要种植区土壤为研究对象,采用野外调查和室内分析相结合的方法,通过对采自云南三七主要种植区的67个土壤样品进行主要养分含量测定和统计分析,探讨研究区土壤主要养分含量的差异,并采用单项指数和修正的内梅罗综合指数法对土壤肥力现状进行评价,以期为三七科学合理施肥,优质丰产提供科学依据。结果表明,云南省三七主要种植区土壤p H平均值为6.37,土壤有机质、土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和缓效钾的平均含量分别为30.13 g/kg、213.65 mg/kg、41.69 mg/kg、290.99 mg/kg、47.98 mg/kg;土壤p H以中性偏酸性为主,有机质含量丰富,碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量处于极高水平,而缓效钾含量贫乏,存在土壤供钾潜力不足的问题;各种土壤养分含量的变异程度由小到大依次为土壤p H、速效钾、碱解氮、有机质、速效磷、缓效钾;综合评价结果表明,云南三七主要种植区土壤综合肥力属于高肥力水平,土壤肥力状况整体良好。Thls article took the soil of the main Panax notoginseng planting area of Yunnan Province as research materials to figure out their differences of soil nutrient content. By using field investigation and indoor analysis, determination and statistic analysis of soil nutrient content of the 67 soil samples from the main P. notoginseng planting area of Yunuan had been completed. The soil fertility was evaluated by single item and Nemoro comprehensive index method in order to provide scientific basis for the fertilization, and realize superior quality and high yield. Results showed that soil pH of the main P. notoginseng planting area of Yunnan Province was 6.37. The contents of soil organic matter, soil alkali solution nitrogen, rapid available P, rapid available K, gentle available K were 30.13 g/kg,213.65,41.69,290.99,47.98 mg,/kg. Soil pH value was mostly weak acid or neutral. Organic matter content was rich. Alkuli solution nitrogen, rapid available P and rapid available K were high as well. However, the gentle available K was poor and the potential of soil potassium was not high. The degree of variation of each soil nutrients range from small to large was soil pH, which was the least variable part; then the rapid available K was higher, and uptrend going to alkali solution nitrogen, organic matter, rapid available P, and gentle available K was the top. Evaluation results showed that the soil integral fertility was high level in the main Panax notoginseng planting area of Yunnan Province, and the soil fertility was in a good condition.

关 键 词：云南 三七 土壤肥力 综合评价 内梅罗指数法 

分 类 号：S567.236[农业科学—中草药栽培]