河北省冀中南平原区典型农田土壤肥力演变特征  

Soil Fertility Change of Typical Farmland in the Middle and South Plain Area of Hebei Province

作　　者：孙彦铭[1] 刘克桐 贾良良[1] 段宵燕 杨瑞让 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,石家庄050051 [2]河北省土壤肥料总站,石家庄050000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2016年第9期164-169,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"粮食主产区土壤肥力演变与培肥技术研究与示范"(201203030);河北省"渤海粮仓"科技示范工程专项;河北省现代农业产业体系玉米创新团队专项基金项目;河北省财政专项"河北省主要农田土壤培肥关键技术研究与应用"

摘　　要：为分析河北省冀中南平原区农田自20世纪80年代以来的土壤肥力演变情况,利用河北省"第二次土壤普查"数据和从1998年开始设立的6个定位肥力监测试验数据,系统分析了近30年来河北省冀中南平原区的典型农田土壤肥力演变规律。结果发现:各监测点的土壤有机质、全氮和速效磷含量均呈显著上升趋势,2014年较1998年分别增加了18.8%、9.1%和78.2%,而2014年较1980s分别增加了76.3%、71.4%和215.5%。而土壤速效钾在1980s—2014年期间呈先下降再上升趋势,其中1998年较1980s相比降低了44.3%,2014年较1998年相比则增加了47.7%。总体来看,2014年各监测点的土壤有机质和土壤速效磷含量已处于中等偏上水平,但地区间差异明显;而土壤速效钾含量虽然近年来不断提高,但2014年仍然低于1980s水平。土壤肥力仍需进一步提升以满足作物高产的需要。In order to understand the soil fertility change in the middle and south plain area of Hebei Provincesince 1980 s, the typical farmland fertility change rules in recent 30 years were analyzed with the data of＂theSecond National Soil Survey＂and six positioning fertility monitoring stations built in 1998. The results showedthat soil organic matter content, total N content and olsen- P content all had an increasing trend in allmonitoring points, their data of 2014 increased by 18.8%, 9.1% and 78.2%, respectively, in comparing withthose of 1998, and increased by 76.3%, 71.4% and 215.5%, respectively, in comparing with those of 1980 s.Soil available K content declined and then increased from 1980 s to 2014, the data of 1998 was 44.3% lesserthan that of 1980 s, and the data of 2014 was 47.7% higher than that of 1998. On the whole, the organic mattercontent and olsen-P content in 2014 reached middle to high level in all monitoring points, but had obviousdifferences among different regions. Soil available K content increased continually in recent years, but it wasstill lower than that of 1980 s. Soil fertility in the middle and south plain area of Hebei Province needs furtherimprovement to meet the high yield requirement.

关 键 词：土壤肥力 土壤有机质 土壤全氮 速效磷 速效钾 长期定位试验 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]