货物贸易自由化对非贸易部门全要素生产率的影响研究  

The Impact of China's Trade Liberalization of Goods on the TFP of the Non-tradable Sector

作　　者：张先锋[1] 李璠璠 陈钰[3] 刘晴[2] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学经济学院国际经济与贸易系 [2]合肥工业大学经济学院 [3]厦门大学经济学院

出　　处：《中央财经大学学报》2016年第3期96-103,共8页Journal of Central University of Finance & Economics

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“出口学习效应促进传统制造业转型升级的机制与政策研究”(项目编号:14BJL088);国家自然科学基金青年项目“‘二元经济结构’和‘高标准贸易自由化’双重背景下异质性企业转型升级及其社会福利效应研究”(项目编号:71403076)

摘　　要：目前,我国对外贸易模式正处于转型时期,货物贸易自由化究竟通过什么渠道,对非贸易部门全要素生产率产生何种影响,成为政府部门与学术界关注的焦点。已有文献对贸易自由化与可贸易部门全要素生产率的关系进行了广泛而深入的探讨,但鲜有文献关注货物贸易自由化影响非贸易部门全要素生产率的内在机制问题。笔者基于工资效应、人力资本流动效应和竞争效应,分析了货物贸易自由化影响非贸易部门全要素生产率的内在机制,并利用2004—2013年我国30个省份的面板数据,采用系统GMM估计方法进行了实证检验。研究结果表明:货物贸易自由化通过工资效应、人力资本流动效应对非贸易部门全要素生产率提升起到显著的促进作用,但竞争效应的效果并不显著。以生产性服务业为样本进行稳健性检验,发现货物贸易自由化通过工资效应、人力资本流动效应和竞争效应对非贸易部门全要素生产率的提升有显著的促进作用。笔者认为,我们的政策应该保障劳动力在各区域和部门之间的自由流动,更加重视携带知识、技术、技能转移扩散的贸易,进一步放松政府对非贸易部门的管制,以扩大货物贸易自由化对非贸易部门全要素生产率提升的促进作用。At present,China＇s foreign trade pattern is in the stage of transformation. How does trade liberalization of goods exert its influence on the TFP of the non-tradable sector has become the focal point of government departments and academic circles. Early research has discussed the effect of trade liberalization of goods on the TFP of the tradable sector widely and deeply,but there is little literature focus on the effect of the trade liberalization of goods on the TFP of the non-tradable sector. Based on the theoretical analyses of the salary effect,human capital flow effect and competition effect,this paper investigates the mechanism of trade liberalization of goods＇ influence on the total factor productivity,and using GMM examines china＇s situation empirically based on provincial panel data for 2004-2013. Such results are drawn： trade liberalization of goods plays a significant role in promoting the TFP of non-tradable sector by wage effect and human capital flow effect,but the result of the competition effect is not significant. Then we perform a robustness test of the model based on the data of producer services. the results demonstrate that trade liberalization of goods can significantly increase the TFP of producer services by salary effect,human capital flow effect and competition effect. The authors hold that we should ensure the free flow of labors between regions and departments,pay more attention to the trade which can help transfer knowledge,technology and skills,loosen regulation of the non-tradable sector,and expand the trade liberalization of goods＇ promotion effect on the TFP of the non-tradable sector.

关 键 词：非贸易部门 全要素生产率 工资效应 人力资本流动效应 竞争效应 

分 类 号：F752[经济管理—国际贸易]