面向软件错误定位与理解的测试执行离散特征筛选  

Discrete Characteristic-based Test Execution Selection for Software Fault Localization and Understanding

作　　者：刘梦冷[1] 杨小双[1] 赵磊[1,2] 王丽娜[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学计算机学院,武汉430072 [2]武汉大学空天信息安全与可信计算教育部重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《计算机科学》2016年第3期179-187,共9页Computer Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61303213;61373169);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2015AA016004);信息保障技术重点实验室开放基金(KJ-13-104)资助

摘　　要：软件错误定位与错误理解是软件调试过程中的重要步骤,然而调试人员利用基于覆盖分析的软件错误定位获取的可疑度,从高到低静态分析每条程序语句的检查方式,与实际软件调试过程并不相符。为了能够筛选更有助于理解错误根源的测试执行,尤其是致使程序失效的失效执行,帮助调试人员进行动态差异化分析,针对失效执行提出基于高可疑度覆盖率、揭示错误潜力和覆盖语句可疑度离散特征的3种优先级策略,针对成功执行提出加权余弦相似度匹配策略。通过将3种失效执行优先级策略与随机选择在常用错误定位技术中进行实验对比,验证了基于覆盖语句可疑度离散特征的失效执行筛选策略能够对筛选前后的错误理解工作量变化产生更强的积极影响和更弱的消极影响,并能够在相同工作量下理解更多的错误,进而更有助于将错误定位结果应用于错误根源的理解。Software fault localization and understanding are key steps in software debugging,while the way that debuggers use suspicious scores calculated by coverage-based fault localization from high to low to analysis every program statement does not correspond to real debugging.To select test executions which are more helpful for fault understanding,especially the failed executions which lead to program failure,and help debuggers conduct differentiation analysis dynamically,three prioritization strategies which are based on coverage rate of high suspicious scores,fault exposing potential and discrete characteristic of suspicious scores of covered statements were presented respectively for failed executions,and weighted cosine similarity matching was presented for passed executions.These failed test execution prioritization strategies and random sorting were compared in general fault localization techniques.And results show that the selection based on discrete characteristic of suspicious scores of statements covered by test executions has stronger positive influence and weaker negative influence on the change of fault understanding expense before and after selection,can understand more faults under same expense,and is more helpful for the application of fault localization results to fault understanding.

关 键 词：软件错误定位 错误理解 覆盖分析 测试执行优先级 离散特征 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]