辽宁双台河口湿地生态系统适应性管理成效评价  

Evaluation of Adaptive Management Effectiveness on Ecosystem of Shuangtaihekou Wetlands in Liaoning Province

作　　者：苏喜友[1] 刘丽芳[1] 唐小平[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学信息学院,北京100083 [2]国家林业局调查规划设计院,北京100714

出　　处：《湿地科学》2016年第1期1-6,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170513)资助

摘　　要：对管理成效的定量评价是湿地生态系统适应性管理过程中的重要一环,评价结果可以有效指导调整的尺度和方向,推动湿地的保护与合理利用。考虑到评价过程中存在的不确定性和模糊性等特征,选择辽宁双台河口湿地为研究区,基于压力—状态—响应模型,构建了湿地生态系统适应性管理成效评价指标体系,利用层次分析法确定权重,再基于集对分析与三角模糊数耦合的综合评价模型进行评价。结果表明,双台河口湿地综合适应度为0.421 7,处于较强水平,适应性管理成效较好。其中,压力子系统适应度为0.313 8,状态子系统适应度为0.467,响应子系统适应度为0.422,三者的适应度等级都为较强。影响因素主要为降水量年际间不均衡、工业废水、生活污水排放量的增长和低效的处理率、经济产业结构的不均衡发展、湿地水资源质量、数量不过关以及社区共管建设较差,因此,仍需针对这些问题进行较大调整。Quantitative evaluation of management effectiveness is an important part for wetland ecosystem adaptive management. The evaluation results are effective guidelines for the direction and scale of management adjustment, and could promote the conservation of the wetlands. Considering the uncertainty and ambiguity in the evaluation process, the Pressure-State-Response（PSR） model was chosen to establish assessment index system for evaluation of adaptive management effectiveness in the Shuangtaihekou wetlands, Liaoning Province. Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP） method was used to determine the weights of indexes, and built a comprehensive evaluation model based on set pair analysis and triangular fuzzy number coupling in this paper. The results showed comprehensive adaption value of the Shuangtaihekou wetlands was 0.421 7, a relatively high score. The adaption values of the pressure subsystem, the state subsystem and the response subsystem were 0.313 8, 0.467 and 0.422, which were all at a high level. The main factors affecting the results were the unbalanced precipitation, the increases in emissions of industrial wastewater and sewage, the unbalanced development of economy, the shortage of water resources and poor community co-management construction. All these problems still need to be improved in order to get a better result.

关 键 词：适应性管理成效 适应度 压力—状态—响应模型 集对分析法 三角模糊数 辽宁双台河口湿地 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]