黄柳与小红柳导管分子形态特征及其生态适应性比较研究  

Comparative Study on Morphological Characteristics and Ecological Adaptability of Vessel Elements of Salix gordejevii and S.microstachya var.bordensis

作　　者：刘冠志[1] 刘果厚[1] 兰庆 李红颖[1] 曹瑞[1] 王健[1] 刘利红[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019 [2]正蓝旗草原工作站,内蒙古锡林郭勒盟027200

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2016年第2期316-322,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技创新引导奖励资金(20121607);内蒙古自治区研究生创新项目(S20131012907)

摘　　要：黄柳和小红柳为浑善达克沙地2种重要的水土保持灌木,黄柳适宜在流动或半流动沙丘上生长,而小红柳适宜在丘间低地生长,二者既可混生,也可形成纯林,存在规律性分布。该研究采用组织离析法和显微照相技术,对黄柳和小红柳的根、茎部导管分子形态特征进行比较研究,探讨导管分子形态特征与其生态适应性的关系,为黄柳和小红柳次生木质部解剖学研究提供资料。结果显示:(1)黄柳和小红柳导管分子均以网纹和两端具尾、一端具尾类型为主,具单穿孔板、互列纹孔。(2)黄柳与小红柳的根部导管分子长度、直径、端壁斜度差异显著,且黄柳较小红柳的直径大、端壁斜度小,为进化特征,而长度较长,为原始特征;但茎部导管分子长度、直径、端壁斜度无显著差异。(3)黄柳与小红柳的导管分子的形态特征与生境间存在一定的相关性,黄柳根部导管具有高输水性而较小红柳适应干旱环境。该研究为黄柳和小红柳造林提供理论指导,并为植物生态适应性的相关研究提供参考。Salix gordejevii and S.microstachyavar.bordensis are important shrubs for soil and water conservation in Hunshandake sandland.The former is suitable for growing on flow and semi-flow sand dunes,and the latter does on dune slack.They can grow mixed,and also can form pure forest.So that they have the feature of regular distribution.Through the method of tissues segregation and micrographic technique,this paper comparatively studied on the morphological characteristics and ecological adaptability of vessel elements of S.gordejevii and S.microstachyavar.bordensis.The results showed that：（1）the two species were given priority to reticulate vessels with both end walls with one tail and a tail in one wall.Both ends of their vessel elements with alternate pitting had simple perforation plates.（2）There were significant differences between the length,diameter and end wall slope angle of xylem vessels in the root of S.gordejevii and S.microstachyavar.bordensis（P〈0.05）.The diameter of root vessel elements of the former was wider and the end wall slope angle of those was smaller than the latter’s,which showed the evolutionaryfeatures.However,the length of root vessel elements of the former was longer which showed the primitive feature.There were no significant differences between the length,diameter and end wall slope angle of xylem vessels in the stem of S.gordejevii and S.microstachyavar.bordensis（P〉0.05）.（3）There appeared some correlation between the characteristics of vessel elements and habitats of the two species.The arid environment was more suitable for S.gordejevii to grow due to the higher water transmitting ability than S.microstachyavar.bordensis.This study provided theoretical support for afforestation with S.gordejevii and S.microstachyavar.bordensis,and provided reference for the correlational research of plant ecological adaptability.

关 键 词：黄柳 小红柳 导管分子 生境 生态适应性 

分 类 号：Q944.5[生物学—植物学]