灰化条件对稻壳灰和稻秆灰理化特性的影响  

Effect of Ashing Conditions on Physicochemical Properties of Rice Husk Ash & Straw Ash

作　　者：姚锡文[1] 许开立[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁省沈阳市110819

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2016年第6期1633-1642,共10页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：农业部农村能源综合建设项目(2014-28;2015-36);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2013020137)~~

摘　　要：采用X射线荧光光谱仪、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、能谱分析等实验方法研究了不同灰化温度(600和815℃)下制得的稻壳灰和稻秆灰的理化特性。通过马弗炉灼烧实验考察了灰化温度和灰化时间对稻壳和稻秆灼烧后的灰分量及其表观形貌的影响,并基于灰成分对2种生物质灰的结渣特性进行对比分析。结果表明:不同灰化条件对生物质灰的灰分量、灰组成、灰熔点、物相变化和积灰结渣等特性均有较大影响;灰分量随着灰化温度和时间的增加而降低,稻壳灼烧后的灰分量明显高于稻秆;灰化温度高于600℃时,灰样逐渐出现烧结结构,815℃时灰颗粒表面逐熔融,黑色碳颗粒逐渐暴露而被氧化去除;相同温度下灼烧,2种灰的颜色均由黑变为灰白,最后呈浅红色;稻秆灰中K、Na、Ca等碱金属和Cl含量明显高于稻壳灰,更易造成设备腐蚀;灰化温度对灰的结渣特性影响较小;600℃灰化时形成絮状颗粒,815℃的灰表面发生软化熔融,絮状物减少,逐渐有碱金属物质析出,并以熔融状态粘结形成块状结构。The physicochemical characteristics of rice husk ash（RHA） and rice straw ash（RSA） obtained at different ashing temperatures（600 ℃ and 815 ℃） were studied by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electronic microscopy and energy spectrum analysis. Muffle furnace burning experiment was used to study the influence of ashing temperature and ashing time on the ash contents and apparent morphology of rice husk and rice straw. Based on the ash composition results, contrastive analysis on sintering characterision of biomass ash was also conducted. The results show that different burning conditions have a remarkable effect on the ash contents, ash composition, ash fusion points, phase transformation and slag-bonding. The ash contents decrease with the increase of ashing temperature and ashing time. The ash content of RH is much more than that of RS. The sintering phenomenon appears when ashing temperature is above 600℃. The surface of ash particles begin to melts at above 600℃, which results in the exposure of the black carbon particles. At last, it may be removed by oxidation. At the same temperature, the ash color changes from black to light gray, finally turns to pale red. The contents of K, Na, Ca, Cl other alkali metals of RSA are more than those of RHA. RSA is more likely to cause equipment corrosion than RHA. The ashing temperature has neglectful effects on sintering characteristics. The flocculent particles can be formed at 600 ℃ while the ash surface softens at 815 ℃, which causes the decrease of flocculent particles. Moreover, some alkali metal materials gradually dissolve out. Thusly the block structure can be formed in molten state.

关 键 词：稻壳 稻秆 生物质灰 理化特性 灰化温度 灰化时间 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]