巴基斯坦瓜达尔港的风能资源评估  

Analysis of Wind Energy Resource in the Pakistan′s Gwadar Port

作　　者：郑崇伟[1,2,3] 李崇银[1,2] 杨艳[4] 陈雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象海洋学院,江苏南京211101 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所,大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京100029 [3]海军大连舰艇学院,辽宁大连116018 [4]国家海洋局,北京100860

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第2期210-215,共6页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2015CB453200,2013CB956200,2012CB957803,2010CB950400);国家自然科学基金(41275086,41475070)

摘　　要：利用来自欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)的ERA-interim风场资料,对瓜达尔港的风能资源展开评估.结果表明:1)瓜达尔港的风能资源常年可用,风能密度、有效风速出现频率、不同等级风能密度出现的频率都表现出明显的单峰型月变化特征,峰值出现在4—5月,波谷出现在11—12月;年平均值分别为:风能密度121 W/m^2,有效风速频率43%,50 W/m^2以上能级频率55%.2)从风能玫瑰图看出,瓜达尔港的风能常年稳定由偏西南(SW)向的风贡献.2月和11月,400和500 W/m^2及以上高风能密度主要由北北东(NNE)向的风贡献;5月和8月,高风能密度主要由偏西南(SW)向的风贡献.3)瓜达尔港的风能主要经历了两个阶段:1979—2000年期间,风能密度在120W/m^2上下波动,有效风速出现频率在45%上下浮动;2001—2014年期间,风能密度在110W/m^2上下波动,有效风速出现频率在40%上下浮动.4)瓜达尔港的6级及以上大风频率常年在1.5%以内;出现频率最高的为3级风(34.29%),其次是4级风(28.32%)和2级风(23.11%).In this study,the wind energy resource in the Gwadar Port was firstly analyzed,based on the ERA-interim wind production from European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts（ECMWF）.The results show as follows：1）The wind energy in the Gwadar Port is available all year round.The wind power density（WPD）,occurrence of effective wind speed of wind energy resource,and occurrences of different levels of WPD all exhibit a clear single peak in the monthly variation.The peak appears in April and May,while trough appears in November and December.The annual average value is 121 W/m^2 for WPD,43% for the occurrence of effective wind speed,and 55%for the occurrence of WPD greater than 50 W/m^2.2）From the wind energy rose diagram,the wind energy in the Gwadar Port is mainly contributed by the southwest（SW）winds.In February and November,high wind energy with WPD≥400 W/m^2 and WPD≥500 W/m^2 is mainly contributed by the north-northeast（NNE）winds,while in May and August by SW wind.3）During the period of 1979 to 2000,the WPD is about 120 W/m^2,and the occurrence of effective wind speed is 45%.During the period of 2001 to 2014,the WPD is about 110 W/m^2,and the occurrence of effective wind speed is 40%.4）The gale occurrence（wind speed greater than class 6）is below 1.5%all year round.The wind speed of highest occurrence is class 3（34.29%）,followed by class 4（28.32%）and class 2（23.11%）.

关 键 词：瓜达尔港 风能资源 风能密度 能级频率 风能玫瑰图 

分 类 号：P743[天文地球—海洋科学]