29770例输血前血型不规则抗体患者调查与分析  

Preliminary investigation and analysis of irregular antibodies of blood group before patients' transfusion

作　　者：唐雯[1] 朱培元[1] 严京梅 叶东[1] 闫芳[1] 栾建凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京军区南京总医院输血科,南京210002

出　　处：《医学研究生学报》2016年第3期272-275,共4页Journal of Medical Postgraduates

基　　金：南京军区南京总医院科研基金(2012047)

摘　　要：目的患者输血前进行不规则抗体筛查可避免免疫性溶血性输血反应的发生。文中分析患者血型不规则抗体分布情况,确保安全输血提供依据。方法选取2012年1月至2015年8月间在南京军区南京总医院拟输血患者29 770例。通过微柱凝胶法进行血型不规则抗体筛查及交叉配血。初筛为不规则抗体阳性患者,再采用谱细胞分析,确定不规则抗体的特异性。结果 29770例患者中有120例抗体阳性,约占0.4%;不规则抗体的种类分别为:Rh系统67例、Lewis系统5例、Kidd系统3例、MNS系统7例、抗体特异性不明确38例;其中女性患者70例,男性患者50例。妊娠史是女性产生不规则抗体的主要原因(65.7%)。结论临床上少数患者存在血型系统不规则抗体,女性患者中尤以有妊娠史者为著。输血前对患者采用微柱凝胶法进行抗体筛查和交叉配血可为患者及时和安全输血提供保障。Objective Irregular antibody screening and identification are very important to reduce hemolytic reaction. The distribution of irregular antibodies of blood group was analyzed in patients,to provide evidence for using Micro column gel test to detect and identify irregular antibodies transfusion safety. Methods Micro column gel anti-globulin technique was used to screen the irregular antibodies and cross-matching in 29 770 patients. If the serum had irregular antibodies,the spectrum cells were used to identify the specificity of irregular antibodies. Results Among 29 770 patients,120 cases had irregular antibodies of blood group. The positive rate was0. 4%. The irregular antibodies include Rh system（ n = 67）,MNS system（ n = 7）,Lewis system（ n = 5）,cases of Kidd system（ n = 3） and undefined specified antibodies（ n = 38）. Among the 120 antibody-positive patients,70 were female patients and 50 were male patients.Further study showed that the pregnancy history was to the main factor causing irregular antibodies in women（ 46 positive cases among 70 female patients）. Conclusion The study showed that some patients had irregular antibodies of blood group,especially female patients with pregnancy history. These results suggested that irregular antibody screening and cross-matching by micro column gel method in patients before transfusion had great significance for ensuring the blood transfusion safety.

关 键 词：不规则抗体 输血安全 微柱凝胶法 

分 类 号：R446.11[医药卫生—诊断学]